创建表：
IF OBJECT_ID('T040_PRODUCT_SALES') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE T040_PRODUCT_SALES
create table T040_PRODUCT_SALES
(
ID INT IDENTITY(1,1),
ProductName VARCHAR(20),
SaleMonth INT,
SalesCount INT
)
插入数据并排序：
INSERT INTO T040_PRODUCT_SALES VALUES
('Bicycle',1,1),
('Shoes',2,2),
('Clothes',3,3),
('Books',4,4),
('Medicine',5,5),
('Drinks',6,6),
('Shoes',7,7),
('Books',1,2),
('Bicycle',1,3),
('Medicine',1,4),
('Clothes',1,5),
('Mobile Phone',1,6),
('Books',1,7),
('Medicine',1,8),
('Shoes',1,9),
('Bicycle',2,10)
SELECT ProductName,
SaleMonth,
SUM(SalesCount) AS SalesCount
FROM T040_PRODUCT_SALES
GROUP BY ProductName,
SaleMonth
ORDER BY ProductName,
SaleMonth
格式：
/****
SELECT 非透视列,
[透视列 1] AS '列名1',
[透视列 2] AS '列名2',
[透视列 3] AS '列名3'
FROM (
-- 源数据
SELECT 非透视列,
透视列值的来源列,
需要聚合的值
FROM 表
)AS 别名
PIVOT
(
SUM(需要聚合的值)
FOR 透视列值的来源列 IN ([透视列 1]，[透视列 2]，[透视列 3])
)AS 别名
****/
行转列的代码：
select ProductName,
ISNULL([1],0) AS '1',
ISNULL([2],0) AS '2',
ISNULL([3],0) AS '3',
ISNULL([4],0) AS '4',
ISNULL([5],0) AS '5',
ISNULL([6],0) AS '6' from (
select ProductName,
SaleMonth,
SalesCount from T040_PRODUCT_SALES)
as Sales
pivot
(
SUM(SalesCount)
FOR SaleMonth IN([1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6])
) as PIVOTBL
结果：
通过其他方式实现：
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[TestRows2Columns]') AND type in (N'U'))
DROP TABLE [dbo].[TestRows2Columns]
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TestRows2Columns](
[Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[UserName] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[Subject] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[Source] [numeric](18, 0) NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO INSERT INTO [TestRows2Columns] ([UserName],[Subject],[Source])
SELECT N'张三',N'语文',60 UNION ALL
SELECT N'李四',N'数学',70 UNION ALL
SELECT N'王五',N'英语',80 UNION ALL
SELECT N'王五',N'数学',75 UNION ALL
SELECT N'王五',N'语文',57 UNION ALL
SELECT N'李四',N'语文',80 UNION ALL
SELECT N'张三',N'英语',100
实现方式：
--1：静态拼接行转列
SELECT [UserName],
SUM(CASE [Subject] WHEN '数学' THEN [Source] ELSE 0 END) AS '[数学]',
SUM(CASE [Subject] WHEN '英语' THEN [Source] ELSE 0 END) AS '[英语]',
SUM(CASE [Subject] WHEN '语文' THEN [Source] ELSE 0 END) AS '[语文]'
FROM
[TestRows2Columns]
GROUP BY [UserName]
--2.动态拼接
DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(8000)
SET @sql='SELECT [UserName],'
--它只用于给输入的字符串加一对方括号，并返回新形成的字符串
SELECT @sql=@sql+ 'SUM(CASE [Subject] WHEN '''+[Subject]+''' THEN [Source] ELSE 0 END) AS '''+QUOTENAME([Subject])+''','
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT [Subject] FROM [TestRows2Columns]) AS a
SELECT @sql = LEFT(@sql,LEN(@sql)-1) + ' FROM [TestRows2Columns] GROUP BY [UserName]'
PRINT(@sql)
EXEC(@sql)
--3：静态PIVOT行转列
SELECT *
FROM ( SELECT [UserName] ,
[Subject] ,
[Source]
FROM [TestRows2Columns]
) p PIVOT
( SUM([Source]) FOR [Subject] IN ( [数学],[英语],[语文] ) ) AS pvt
ORDER BY pvt.[UserName]; --4：动态PIVOT行转列
DECLARE @sql_str VARCHAR(8000)
DECLARE @sql_col VARCHAR(8000)
SELECT @sql_col = ISNULL(@sql_col + ',','') + QUOTENAME([Subject]) FROM [TestRows2Columns] GROUP BY [Subject]
SET @sql_str = '
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT [UserName],[Subject],[Source] FROM [TestRows2Columns]) p PIVOT
(SUM([Source]) FOR [Subject] IN ( '+ @sql_col +') ) AS pvt
ORDER BY pvt.[UserName]'
PRINT (@sql_str)
EXEC (@sql_str)
--5.参数化
DECLARE @sql_str NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @sql_col NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @tableName SYSNAME --行转列表
DECLARE @groupColumn SYSNAME --分组字段
DECLARE @row2column SYSNAME --行变列的字段
DECLARE @row2columnValue SYSNAME --行变列值的字段
SET @tableName = 'TestRows2Columns'
SET @groupColumn = 'UserName'
SET @row2column = 'Subject'
SET @row2columnValue = 'Source' --从行数据中获取可能存在的列
SET @sql_str = N'
SELECT @sql_col_out = ISNULL(@sql_col_out + '','','''') + QUOTENAME(['+@row2column+'])
FROM ['+@tableName+'] GROUP BY ['+@row2column+']'
--PRINT @sql_str
EXEC sp_executesql @sql_str,N'@sql_col_out NVARCHAR(MAX) OUTPUT',@sql_col_out=@sql_col OUTPUT
--PRINT @sql_col SET @sql_str = N'
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT ['+@groupColumn+'],['+@row2column+'],['+@row2columnValue+'] FROM ['+@tableName+']) p PIVOT
(SUM(['+@row2columnValue+']) FOR ['+@row2column+'] IN ( '+ @sql_col +') ) AS pvt
ORDER BY pvt.['+@groupColumn+']'
--PRINT (@sql_str)
EXEC (@sql_str)
--6：带条件查询的参数化动态PIVOT行转列
DECLARE @sql_str NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @sql_col NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @sql_where NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @tableName SYSNAME --行转列表
DECLARE @groupColumn SYSNAME --分组字段
DECLARE @row2column SYSNAME --行变列的字段
DECLARE @row2columnValue SYSNAME --行变列值的字段
SET @tableName = 'TestRows2Columns'
SET @groupColumn = 'UserName'
SET @row2column = 'Subject'
SET @row2columnValue = 'Source'
SET @sql_where = 'WHERE UserName = ''王五''' --从行数据中获取可能存在的列
SET @sql_str = N'
SELECT @sql_col_out = ISNULL(@sql_col_out + '','','''') + QUOTENAME(['+@row2column+'])
FROM ['+@tableName+'] '+@sql_where+' GROUP BY ['+@row2column+']'
--PRINT @sql_str
EXEC sp_executesql @sql_str,N'@sql_col_out NVARCHAR(MAX) OUTPUT',@sql_col_out=@sql_col OUTPUT
--PRINT @sql_col SET @sql_str = N'
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT ['+@groupColumn+'],['+@row2column+'],['+@row2columnValue+'] FROM ['+@tableName+']'+@sql_where+') p PIVOT
(SUM(['+@row2columnValue+']) FOR ['+@row2column+'] IN ( '+ @sql_col +') ) AS pvt
ORDER BY pvt.['+@groupColumn+']'
--PRINT (@sql_str)
EXEC (@sql_str)