本文介绍了删除和重绘 Matplotlib 动画的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
这个问题有几个部分，让我总结一下.我试图能够在PySide窗口中创建动画，然后在以后根据新信息销毁它并对其进行动画处理.我已经创建了一个示例脚本来演示这一点，但它有点长，所以这里有一个大纲:
There are a few parts to this problem, so let me summarize. I'm trying to be able to create an animation in a PySide window, and then later destroy and reanimate it based on new information. I've created a sample script to demonstrate this, but it's a bit long, so here's an outline:
- 使用 PySide 创建 QtGui 主窗口
- 在窗口中创建一个小部件以绘制动画
- 使用FuncAnimation对小部件进行动画处理
- 在按钮上按:
- 删除小部件和动画
- 使用不同的绘图参数重新创建小部件
- 复活
一切正常，直到按下按钮，我得到以下堆栈跟踪:
Everything works until the button press, and I get the following stack trace:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backends/backend_qt4.py", line 366, in idle_draw
self.draw()
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backends/backend_qt4agg.py", line 149, in draw
self.update()
RuntimeError: Internal C++ object (MplWidget) already deleted.
我怎样才能摆脱当前的动画，以便我可以重新绘制一个单独的动画?这是代码.
How can I get rid of the current animation so that I can redraw a separate one? Here's the code.
from matplotlib import pyplot as p
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D # @UnusedImport
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import sys
# specify the use of PySide
matplotlib.rcParams['backend.qt4'] = "PySide"
# import the figure canvas for interfacing with the backend
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg \
as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import numpy as np
from math import pi, cos, sin
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MainWindow, direction, maxRadius):
MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
MainWindow.resize(800, 500)
self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
self.horizontalLayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)
self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
sizePolicy = QtGui.QSizePolicy(QtGui.QSizePolicy.Maximum,
QtGui.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(
self.pushButton.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.pushButton.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.pushButton.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(150, 16777215))
self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
self.pushButton.setText("Change Direction")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
self.frame = QtGui.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
self.frame.setFrameShape(QtGui.QFrame.StyledPanel)
self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtGui.QFrame.Raised)
self.frame.setObjectName("frame")
self.gridLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout(self.frame)
self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.frame)
# ------
self.mplWidget = MplWidget(self.frame, direction, maxRadius)
# ------
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
self.direction = 'up'
self.maxRadius = 0.3
self.ui.setupUi(self, self.direction, self.maxRadius)
self.ui.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.changeStuff)
self.animation = self.ui.mplWidget.animate()
def changeStuff(self):
del self.animation
self.ui.mplWidget.deleteLater()
dirs = {'up' :'down', 'down':'up'}
rads = {0.3:1, 1:0.3}
self.direction = dirs[self.direction]
self.maxRadius = rads[self.maxRadius]
self.ui.mplWidget = MplWidget(self.ui.frame, self.direction,
self.maxRadius)
self.animation = self.ui.mplWidget.animate()
class MplWidget(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self, parent=None, direction='up', maxRadius=0.3):
self.figure = Figure()
super(MplWidget, self).__init__(self.figure)
self.setParent(parent)
self.axes = self.figure.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
self.axes.set_xlabel("x label")
self.axes.set_ylabel("y label")
self.axes.set_zlabel("z label")
self.axes.set_xlim3d([-1, 1])
self.axes.set_ylim3d([-1, 1])
self.axes.set_zlim3d([-1, 1])
self.axes.set_aspect('equal')
if direction == 'up':
self.c = 1
elif direction == 'down':
self.c = -1
else:
self.c = 1
self.maxRadius = maxRadius
self.frames = 50
self.plot_handle = self.func_plot(self.frames)
def func_plot(self, z):
z /= float(self.frames) * self.c
theta = np.arange(0, 2 * pi + pi / 50, pi / 50)
xdata = self.maxRadius * z * np.array([cos(q) for q in theta])
ydata = self.maxRadius * z * np.array([sin(q) for q in theta])
zdata = z * np.ones(np.shape(xdata))
if not hasattr(self, 'plot_handle'):
plot_handle = self.axes.plot(xdata, ydata, zdata)[0]
else:
plot_handle = self.plot_handle
plot_handle.set_data(xdata, ydata)
plot_handle.set_3d_properties(zdata)
return plot_handle
def animate(self):
return animation.FuncAnimation(
fig=self.figure, func=self.func_plot, frames=self.frames,
interval=1000.0 / self.frames, blit=False)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
mw = MainWindow()
mw.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
版本信息:
matplotlib - 1.2.1
PySide-1.1.2
Python - 2.7.4
Version information:
matplotlib - 1.2.1
PySide - 1.1.2
Python - 2.7.4
我按照 matplotlib 安装说明从 git 进行源代码构建.我现在安装了1.4.x版.但是，原始问题仍然存在.
I followed the matplotlib Installation Instructions to do a source build from git. I now have version 1.4.x installed. However, the original problem persists.
推荐答案
这与 matplotlib qtbackend中的错误有关，该错误以错误的顺序将其分解(请参阅此处).添加
This is related to a bug in matplotlib qtbackend that tears things down in the wrong order (see here). Adding
self.ui.mplWidget.close_event()
ChangeStuff 中的
会处理您遇到的异常，但是不会显示新创建的画布.
in ChangeStuff takes care of the exception you have, but the newly created canvas isn't shown.
另一方面，我不明白为什么为什么不会显示任何画布，因为窗口小部件从未添加到布局中.如果您稍微调整一下设置并明确地向 gridLayout 添加/删除小部件，它会执行您想要的操作:
On the other hand, I don't understand why any canvas is shown at all as the widget is never added to a layout. If you tweak the set up a bit and explicitly add/remove the widget to the gridLayout it does what you want:
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D # @UnusedImport
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import sys
# specify the use of PySide
matplotlib.rcParams['backend.qt4'] = "PySide"
# import the figure canvas for interfacing with the backend
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg \
as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import numpy as np
from math import pi, cos, sin
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MainWindow, direction, maxRadius):
MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
MainWindow.resize(800, 500)
self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
self.horizontalLayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)
self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
sizePolicy = QtGui.QSizePolicy(QtGui.QSizePolicy.Maximum,
QtGui.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(
self.pushButton.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.pushButton.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.pushButton.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(150, 16777215))
self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
self.pushButton.setText("Change Direction")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
self.frame = QtGui.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
self.frame.setFrameShape(QtGui.QFrame.StyledPanel)
self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtGui.QFrame.Raised)
self.frame.setObjectName("frame")
self.gridLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout(self.frame)
self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.frame)
# ------
self.mplWidget = MplWidget(None, direction, maxRadius)
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.mplWidget)
# ------
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
self.direction = 'up'
self.maxRadius = 0.3
self.ui.setupUi(self, self.direction, self.maxRadius)
self.ui.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.changeStuff)
self.animation = self.ui.mplWidget.animate()
def changeStuff(self):
self.ui.mplWidget.close_event() # mpl clean up
self.ui.mplWidget.deleteLater() # QT cleanup
self.ui.gridLayout.removeWidget(self.ui.mplWidget)
dirs = {'up': 'down', 'down': 'up'}
rads = {0.3: 1, 1: 0.3}
self.direction = dirs[self.direction]
self.maxRadius = rads[self.maxRadius]
self.ui.mplWidget = MplWidget(self.ui.frame, self.direction,
self.maxRadius)
self.ui.gridLayout.addWidget(self.ui.mplWidget)
self.animation = self.ui.mplWidget.animate()
print self.ui.frame.children()
print 'finished change stuff'
class MplWidget(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self, parent=None, direction='up', maxRadius=0.3):
self.figure = Figure()
super(MplWidget, self).__init__(self.figure)
self.setParent(parent)
self.axes = self.figure.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
self.axes.set_xlabel("x label")
self.axes.set_ylabel("y label")
self.axes.set_zlabel("z label")
self.axes.set_xlim3d([-1, 1])
self.axes.set_ylim3d([-1, 1])
self.axes.set_zlim3d([-1, 1])
self.axes.set_aspect('equal')
if direction == 'up':
self.c = 1
elif direction == 'down':
self.c = -1
else:
self.c = 1
self.maxRadius = maxRadius
self.frames = 50
self.plot_handle = self.func_plot(self.frames)
def func_plot(self, z):
z /= float(self.frames) * self.c
theta = np.arange(0, 2 * pi + pi / 50, pi / 50)
xdata = self.maxRadius * z * np.array([cos(q) for q in theta])
ydata = self.maxRadius * z * np.array([sin(q) for q in theta])
zdata = z * np.ones(np.shape(xdata))
if not hasattr(self, 'plot_handle'):
plot_handle = self.axes.plot(xdata, ydata, zdata)[0]
else:
plot_handle = self.plot_handle
plot_handle.set_data(xdata, ydata)
plot_handle.set_3d_properties(zdata)
return plot_handle
def animate(self):
return animation.FuncAnimation(
fig=self.figure, func=self.func_plot, frames=self.frames,
interval=1000.0 / self.frames, blit=False)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
mw = MainWindow()
mw.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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