一、基础项目构建，引入web模块，完成一个简单的RESTful API

一、Spring Boot的主要优点：

为所有Spring开发者更快的入门
开箱即用，提供各种默认配置来简化项目配置
内嵌式容器简化Web项目
没有冗余代码生成和XML配置的要求

二、使用maven构建项目

1.访问官网：http://start.spring.io/ 选择基本的构建工具。

一、基础项目构建，引入web模块，完成一个简单的RESTful API-LMLPHP

2.点击Generate Project下载项目压缩包。

3.解压项目包，并用ecplise以Maven项目导入

菜单中选择File–>New–>Project from Existing Sources...
选择解压后的项目文件夹，点击OK
点击Import project from external model并选择Maven，点击Next到底为止。
若你的环境有多个版本的JDK，注意到选择Java SDK的时候请选择Java 7以上的版本

三、项目结构解析

一、基础项目构建，引入web模块，完成一个简单的RESTful API-LMLPHP

通过上面步骤完成了基础项目的创建，Spring Boot的基础结构共三个文件（具体路径根据用户生成项目时填写的Group所有差异）：

src/main/java下的程序入口：Chapter1Application
src/main/resources下的配置文件：application.properties
src/test/下的测试入口：Chapter1ApplicationTests

package com.didispace;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer;

@SpringBootApplication

public class Chapter1Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer{

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(Chapter1Application.class, args);

    }

    @Override//为了打包springboot项目

    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {

        return builder.sources(this.getClass());

    }

}

Chapter1Application

server.port=8080

application.properties

package com.didispace;

import com.didispace.web.HelloController;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Ignore;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MockServletContext.class)

@WebAppConfiguration

public class Chapter1ApplicationTests {

    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Before

    public void setUp() throws Exception {

        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloController()).build();

    }

    @Test

    public void getHello() throws Exception {

        mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))

                .andExpect(status().isOk())

                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Hello World")));

    }

}

Chapter1ApplicationTests

生成的Chapter1Application和Chapter1ApplicationTests类都可以直接运行来启动当前创建的项目，由于目前该项目未配合任何数据访问或Web模块，程序会在加载完Spring之后结束运行。

四、引入web模块

当前的pom.xml内容如下，仅引入了两个模块：

spring-boot-starter：核心模块，包括自动配置支持、日志和YAML
spring-boot-starter-test：测试模块，包括JUnit、Hamcrest、Mockito

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.didispace</groupId>

    <artifactId>Chapter1</artifactId>

    <version>1.0.0</version>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>Chapter1</name>

    <description>The first Spring Boot project</description>

    <parent>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

        <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version>

        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->

    </parent>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>

        <defaultGoal>compile</defaultGoal>

        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>

        <finalName>springboot-package</finalName>

        <plugins>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

                <configuration>

                    <mainClass>com.didispace.Chapter1Application</mainClass>

                    <skipTests>true</skipTests>

                </configuration>

                <executions>

                    <execution>

                        <goals>

                            <goal>repackage</goal>

                        </goals>

                    </execution>

                </executions>

            </plugin>

        </plugins>

    </build>

</project>

pom.xml

五、编写服务

package com.didispace.web;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController

public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")

    public String index() {

        return "Hello World";

    }

}

HelloController

启动主程序，打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/hello，可以看到页面输出Hello World

六、编写单元测试用例

package com.didispace;

import com.didispace.web.HelloController;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Ignore;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MockServletContext.class)

@WebAppConfiguration

public class Chapter1ApplicationTests {

    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Before

    public void setUp() throws Exception {

        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloController()).build();

    }

    @Test

    public void getHello() throws Exception {

        mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))

                .andExpect(status().isOk())

                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Hello World")));

    }

}

Chapter1ApplicationTests