要使用idea创建一个maven项目,首先电脑安装maven,maven下载地址:http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
1、打开idea,选择创建一个新项目,选择maven创建
选择jdk版本,不需要选择create from archetype,否则你会很可能没有src包或者scr下的main/java等包。点击下一步
2、输入Nama(项目名称),groupid(项目的包名),artifactid(项目名,与Name一致),Version不用管,然后点击下一步完成创建。
3、创建完成后,初始的目录结构是这样的,
此时的项目里面没有web文件夹,我们需要自己去添加。
点击工具栏的该图标,进入以下页面
然后选择左侧栏里的Modules,点击添加,选择web,如图:
完成后在java文件夹里面添加pojo、service等包,结构如下图
4.在pom.xml中引入ssm需要的相关依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>om.mysjz</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<!--设置项目编码编码-->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<!-- spring版本号 方便在下面的依赖中进行引用-->
<spring.version>4.3.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 方便在下面的依赖中进行引用-->
<mybatis.version>3.4.1</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<!-- 配置阿里云仓库,要不然从中央maven库下载很慢-->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<name>nexus-aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<!-- 添加项目里面的依赖 -->
<dependencies>
<!-- java ee -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.8.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.15</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aop的配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.6.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
<version>2.1_3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context-support -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>springspringmvcmybatis</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 设置JDK版本 -->
<source>13</source>
<target>13</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
5.在resource目录下创建一个mybatisconfig文件,用于配置Mybatis.xml文件,命名为SqlMapConfig.xml。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 这里面你可以配置一下关于JavaBean中类的一些别名,这样就方便在之后的Mapper文件中进行处理,包括开启下划线转驼峰命名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.mysjz.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
6.在resource目录下创建一个mapperxmlconfig文件,用于存放mybatis的mapper映射文件
7.在resource目录下创建一个springconfig的文件,这里存放之后的关于spring的一些配置文件;
(1)在springconfig文件中,创建applicationContext-dao.xml文件,主要是配置:加载properties文件,数据源,SqlSessionFactory,Mapper扫描。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd "> <!-- 配置 读取properties文件 jdbc.properties -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
<!-- 自动扫描所有的注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mysjz"/> <!-- 配置阿里的druid数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean> <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 设置数据源 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 设置MyBatis核心配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatisconfig/SqlMapConfig.xml" />
<!-- 设置扫描mapper.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapperxmlconfig/*Mapper.xml"/>
</bean> <!-- 配置Mapper层java类扫描 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 设置Mapper扫描包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.mysjz.mapper" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean> </beans>
刚开始创建时扫描mapper.xml文件的value可能会报错,是因为mapperxmlconfig.xml中没有以Mapper结尾的xml文件,可以先不用管或者注释掉,当开始写项目的时候再往里面添加。
(2)在springconfig文件中,创建管理service层的文件,主要是对service包开启扫描。命名为applicationContext-service.xml。(也可以将该扫描步骤添加至dao层的配置文件中)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置Service扫描,不配置也可以,直接在dao层用一个总的扫描类即可 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mysjz.service"/>
</beans>
(3)在springconfig文件中,创建管理transaction层的applicationContext-transaction.xml配置文件,主要用于事务以及切面AOP的管理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--添加spring-dao层配置文件-->
<import resource="applicationContext-dao.xml"/> <!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 数据源 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean> <!-- 事务模板对象 -->
<bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate" >
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
</bean> <!-- 通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*"/>
<tx:method name="add*"/>
<tx:method name="insert*"/>
<tx:method name="update*"/>
<tx:method name="delete*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 切面 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txpc" expression="execution(* com.mysjz.service.impl.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txpc"/>
</aop:config>
<!--
如果嫌弃上面的配置太麻烦,想在service不同的类进行不同的事务控制,那么就用下面的配置
但是要注意:需要在service的类中进行手动的添加@Transactional注解,而用上面的话就不需要进行额外的配置了 配置基于注解的声明式事务
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
-->
</beans>
8.在resource文件目录下,创建数据库的properties文件,这个就是连接数据库对应的内容,因为我使用的mysql是8以上的,如果版本是5左右的,驱动配置应该是
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Dirver
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名?characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
jdbc.username=用户
jdbc.password=密码
9.在resource文件目录下,创建数据库的log4j.properties文件,这个就是为了显示更好的打印日志信息
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
10.在resource目录下,创建springmvcconfig文件目录,用于配置springMVC的配置文件,并创建命名为springmvc.xml(主要:Controller扫描、注解驱动、视图解析器)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置Controller扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mysjz.controller"/> <!-- 配置注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 设置属性 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<context:annotation-config/>
<!-- 文件上传配置 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600" />
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096" />
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/> </bean>
</beans>
11.配置web.xml文件(主要:配置Spring、SpringMVC、解决post乱码问题)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--配置项目启动的时候加载spring的相关配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springconfig/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--配置监听器加载spring-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--配置过滤器,解决post乱码问题-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--配置springmvc-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvcconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 配置springmvc什么时候启动,参数必须为整数 -->
<!-- 如果为0或者大于0,则springMVC随着容器启动而启动 -->
<!-- 如果小于0,则在第一次请求进来的时候启动 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 默认访问的页面 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
以上就是使用idea创建一个maven项目的基本配置,可以启动tomcat服务器试试。
可能会出现以下的某种错误信息
Error configuring application listener of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
解决办法,打开一下页面,进行如图操作
如有其他依赖加载错误有可能是依赖冲突,可以在idea的plugins添加maven helper插件,然后在pom.xml中点击下方Dependency Analyzer查看依赖情况。