Filter的使用:
1.常见的默认Filter有:
characterEncodingFilter
hiddenHttpMethodFilter
httpPutFormContentFilter
requestContextFilter
2.Filter的优先级:
Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE:最低优先级,值为int最大值
Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE:最高优先级,值为int最小值
低位值意味着更高的优先级
因此如果要自定义Filter,应该避免和默认的Filter优先级一样,不然会冲突
3.自定义Filter
可以使用Spring的FilterRegistrationBean,但是这种方式较为麻烦
所以这里采用Servlet3.0的方式:
结合实际应用的一个小Demo
Controller:
package org.dreamtech.springboot.controller; import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController
public class DemoController {
/**
* 查看当前账户余额
*
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/login/account")
private Object account() {
Map<String, Object> modelMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
modelMap.put("money", 1000);
return modelMap;
}
}
Filter:
package org.dreamtech.springboot.filter; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; @WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/login/*", filterName = "loginFilter")
public class LoginFilter implements Filter { /**
* 容器加载时候调用
*/
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("[ LoginFilter Init ]");
} /**
* 请求被拦截的时候调用
*/
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("[ LoginFilter doFilter ]"); HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) response; String username = req.getParameter("username"); if (username != null) {
chain.doFilter(req, resp);
} else {
System.out.println("[ username is null ]");
return;
}
} /**
* 容易被销毁的时候调用
*/
@Override
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("[ LoginFilter Destroy ]");
} }
特别注意:要在SpringBoot启动类中加入@ServletComponentScan注解
package org.dreamtech.springboot; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; @SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan
public class SpringbootApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootApplication.class, args);
} }
启动后的结果:
访问:http://localhost:8080/login/account显示空白页面
访问:http://localhost:8080/login/account?username=xxx显示{"money":1000}
Servlet的使用:
package org.dreamtech.springboot.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/servlet/demo", name = "demoServlet")
public class DemoServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = -428928425699550712L; @Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().print("demo servlet");
resp.getWriter().flush();
resp.getWriter().close();
} @Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req, resp);
}
}
注意:和Filter使用相同地,要在SpringBoot启动类中加入@ServletComponentScan注解
Listener的使用:
常见的Listener有
ServletContextListener、HttpSessionListener、ServletRequestListener
ServletRequestListener:用于统计(比如文章的浏览次数等)
Controller:
@RequestMapping("/listener")
private Object listener() {
System.out.println("listener controller");
return "listener";
}
Listener:
package org.dreamtech.springboot.listener; import javax.servlet.ServletRequestEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestListener;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener; @WebListener("/listener")
public class DemoListener implements ServletRequestListener {
@Override
public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
System.out.println("request destroyed");
} @Override
public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
System.out.println("request initialized");
}
}
打印顺序应该是:每一次访问/listener都会打印这三行
request initialized
listener controller
request destroyed
ServletContextListener:用于资源加载
package org.dreamtech.springboot.listener; import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener; @WebListener("/listener")
public class DemoListener implements ServletContextListener {
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
System.out.println("context initialized");
} @Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
System.out.println("context destroyed");
}
}
打印顺序:
一开始打印context initialized
结束进程的时候打印context destroyed
只打印一遍
至于HttpSessionListener不怎么使用,就不介绍了