好处：
多个属性时，可以清楚明了知道属性，
重叠构造起器的安全性和JavaBeans模式的可读性
只需要制定需要建造的类型就可以得到他们
实例；
public class NutritionFacts {
private final int servingSize;
private final int servings;
private final int calories;
private final int fat;
private final int sodium;
private final int carbohydrate;
public static class Builder {
// Required parameters
private final int servingSize;
private final int servings;
// Optional parameters - initialized to default values
private int calories = 0;
private int fat = 0;
private int carbohydrate = 0;
private int sodium = 0;
public Builder(int servingSize, int servings) {
this.servingSize = servingSize;
this.servings = servings;
}
public Builder calories(int val) {
calories = val;
return this;
}
public Builder fat(int val) {
fat = val;
return this;
}
public Builder carbohydrate(int val) {
carbohydrate = val;
return this;
}
public Builder sodium(int val) {
sodium = val;
return this;
}
public NutritionFacts build() {
return new NutritionFacts(this);
}
}
private NutritionFacts(Builder builder) {
servingSize = builder.servingSize;
servings = builder.servings;
calories = builder.calories;
fat = builder.fat;
sodium = builder.sodium;
carbohydrate = builder.carbohydrate;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
NutritionFacts cocaCola = new NutritionFacts.Builder(240, 8)
.calories(100).sodium(35).carbohydrate(27).build();
}当然，Builder也有缺点。
- 创建实例前都要创建一个Builder实例。
- Builder模式编写起来较为冗长。