分类:C#、Android、VS2015;
创建日期:2016-02-27
一、简介
这一节演示如何利用以异步方式(async、await)访问SQLite数据库。
二、示例4运行截图
下面左图为初始页面,右图为单击【创建数据库】按钮后的结果。
下面左图为单击【添加单行】按钮的结果,右图为单击【添加多行】按钮的结果。
注意:不想再像上一节的例子那样逐个添加页面了,毕竟例子的目的仅仅是为了演示最基本的异步操作用法,代码太多容易冲淡要关注的内容,所以该例子并没有去解决重复添加相同学号的记录引起的冲突问题,只是简单地把捕获的异常直接显示出来了。但是,在实际项目中,你如果也像这个例子这样去简单处理,那你肯定会挨训,呵呵。
三、主要设计步骤
1、添加对SQLite.NET.Async-PCL程序包的引用
鼠标右击项目中的【引用】à【管理NuGet程序包】,数据源选择【NuGet official package source】,在搜索框中输入【sqlite】,找到【SQLite.NET.Async-PCL】,选择最新的版本(本示例使用的是3.1.1版),然后单击【安装】。
安装程序包以后,在【解决方案资源管理器】中,就可以看出它已经替你自动添加了对SQLite.Net.Async的引用。安装的程序包及其依赖项的名称和版本见本章开头(13.0节)列出的packages.config文件。
2、创建数据库和表
在SrcDemos文件夹下添加一个MyDb4Model文件夹,该文件夹用于保存与“MyDb4.db”数据库相关的.cs文件。
(1)添加Student.cs文件
using System;
using SQLite.Net.Attributes; namespace MyDemos.SrcDemos.MyDb4Model
{
[Table("Student")]
public class Student
{
//主键,自动增量
[PrimaryKey,AutoIncrement]
public int id { get; set; } //学号
[Unique, NotNull]
public string XueHao { get; set; } //姓名
[MaxLength(), NotNull]
public string Name { get; set; } //出生日期
public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; } public override string ToString()
{
return string.Format(
"[学号={0}, 姓名={1}, 出生日期={2:yyyy-MM-dd}]\n",
XueHao, Name, BirthDate);
}
}
}
(2)添加MyDb4.cs文件
using System;
using System.IO;
using SQLite.Net;
using SQLite.Net.Async;
using SQLite.Net.Platform.XamarinAndroid; namespace MyDemos.SrcDemos.MyDb4Model
{
public static class MyDb4
{
private static readonly string dbPath = Path.Combine(
Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Personal),
"MyDb4.db"); public static SQLiteAsyncConnection GetAsyncConnection()
{
SQLitePlatformAndroid platform = new SQLitePlatformAndroid();
SQLiteConnectionString connStr = new SQLiteConnectionString(dbPath, false);
return new SQLiteAsyncConnection(()=> new SQLiteConnectionWithLock(platform, connStr));
}
}
}
3、添加ch1304_Main.axml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:weightSum="1">
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:minWidth="25px"
android:minHeight="25px"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/linearLayout1"
android:layout_weight=".2"
android:gravity="center">
<Button
android:text="创建数据库"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/btnCreateDB" />
<Button
android:text="添加单行"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/btnCreateSingle" />
<Button
android:text="添加多行"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/btnCreateList" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:minWidth="25px"
android:minHeight="25px"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/linearLayout2"
android:layout_weight="0.6"
android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"
android:layout_marginRight="5dp">
<TextView
android:text="结果"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:textColor="#fff" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/txtResults"
android:layout_marginTop="5dp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:minWidth="25px"
android:minHeight="25px"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/linearLayout3"
android:layout_weight="0.2" />
</LinearLayout>
4、添加ch1304MainActivity.cs文件
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Android.App;
using Android.OS;
using Android.Widget;
using MyDemos.SrcDemos.MyDb4Model;
using SQLite.Net;
using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace MyDemos.SrcDemos
{
[Activity(Label = "【例13-4】SQLite基本用法4")]
public class ch1304MainActivity : Activity
{
protected override void OnCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
base.OnCreate(savedInstanceState);
SetContentView(Resource.Layout.ch1304_Main); var btnCreate = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnCreateDB);
var btnSingle = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnCreateSingle);
var btnList = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnCreateList);
var txtResult = FindViewById<TextView>(Resource.Id.txtResults); // 数据库创建之前禁用相关按钮
btnSingle.Enabled = btnList.Enabled = false; btnCreate.Click += async delegate
{
try
{
var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection();
await conn.CreateTableAsync<Student>();
await conn.DeleteAllAsync<Student>();
txtResult.Text = "创建成功。";
btnList.Enabled = btnSingle.Enabled = true;
}
catch (SQLiteException ex)
{
txtResult.Text = "创建失败:" + ex.Message;
}
}; btnSingle.Click += async delegate
{
var student = new Student { XueHao = "", Name = "张三", BirthDate = new DateTime(, , ) };
try
{
var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection();
int x = await conn.InsertAsync(student);
await conn.UpdateAsync(student);
txtResult.Text = $"添加了 {x} 条记录。\n";
txtResult.Text += await GetStudents();
}
catch (SQLiteException ex)
{
txtResult.Text = "Error:" + ex.Message;
}
}; btnList.Click += async delegate
{
var list = new List<Student>{
new Student { XueHao="", Name = "李四", BirthDate = new DateTime(,,) },
new Student { XueHao="", Name = "王五", BirthDate = new DateTime(,,) },
new Student { XueHao="", Name = "赵六", BirthDate = new DateTime(,,) }
};
try
{
var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection();
int x = await conn.InsertAllAsync(list);
await conn.UpdateAllAsync(list);
txtResult.Text = $"添加了 {x} 条记录。\n";
txtResult.Text += await GetStudents();
}
catch (SQLiteException ex)
{
txtResult.Text = "Error:" + ex.Message;
}
};
} private static async Task<string> GetStudents()
{
var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection();
int count = await conn.Table<Student>().CountAsync();
string s = $"当前记录数:{count}\n";
var data = await conn.Table<Student>().ToListAsync();
foreach (var v in data)
{
s += v.ToString();
}
return s;
}
}
}