zabbix历史数据相关表研究
history和trends相关表
history和trends都是存储历史数据的地方。一般是通过监控项(item)配置里、匹配更新监控项(item)和设置HouseKeeper tasks来设置保留数据的时长。
Housekeeper 会定期删除过期的数据。如果不是特别有意义，建议你把保留时间设置短一些， 如果想看以前的数 据图怎么办？这里趋势数据就派上用场了，一般只要小时平均即可这样话趋势据保留久一点即可，趋势数据的计算源数据来自history表。如果将history设置为0那么就只会获取item的值然后用于触发器，不会存历史数据到数据库。
监控项前端配置:
history相关表
MariaDB [rtm]> show tables like 'history%';
+--------------------------+
| Tables_in_rtm (history%) |
+--------------------------+
| history |
| history_log |
| history_str |
| history_text |
| history_uint |
+--------------------------+
history
history 表存放信息类型为浮点数的监控项历史数据，类型在配置监控项是指定
itemid:监控项唯一标识id
clock:时间戳整数部分
value：监控项的值
ns：纳秒数
MariaDB [rtm]> desc history;
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| itemid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| clock | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| value | double(16,4) | NO | | 0.0000 | |
| ns | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ MariaDB [rtm]> select * from history limit 10;
+-----------+------------+---------+----+
| itemid | clock | value | ns |
+-----------+------------+---------+----+
| 300161484 | 1545404400 | 1.9616 | 0 |
| 300161484 | 1545379200 | 2.3494 | 0 |
| 300161484 | 1545382800 | 2.7355 | 0 |
| 300161484 | 1545386400 | 3.3068 | 0 |
| 300161484 | 1545390000 | 3.2508 | 0 |
| 300161484 | 1545393600 | 4.2648 | 0 |
| 300161484 | 1545397200 | 4.0263 | 0 |
| 300161484 | 1545400800 | 2.7983 | 0 |
| 300161485 | 1545404400 | 16.8910 | 0 |
| 300161485 | 1545379200 | 20.5173 | 0 |
+-----------+------------+---------+----+
history_log
history_log 表存放信息类型为日志的监控项历史数据，类型在配置监控项是指定
MariaDB [rtm]> desc history_log;
+------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| itemid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| clock | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| timestamp | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| source | varchar(64) | NO | | | |
| severity | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| value | text | NO | | NULL | |
| logeventid | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| ns | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
+------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
history_str
history_str 表存放信息类型为字符的监控项历史数据，类型在配置监控项是指定
MariaDB [rtm]> desc history_str;
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| itemid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| clock | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| value | varchar(255) | NO | | | |
| ns | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ MariaDB [rtm]> select * from history_str limit 2\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
itemid: 23307
clock: 1545384507
value: localhost.localdomain
ns: 410719216
*************************** 2. row ***************************
itemid: 23312
clock: 1545384512
value: Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64
ns: 411996428
history_text
history_text 表存放信息类型为文本的监控项历史数据，类型在配置监控项是指定
MariaDB [rtm]> desc history_text;
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| itemid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| clock | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| value | text | NO | | NULL | |
| ns | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ MariaDB [rtm]> select * from history_text limit 10;
+---------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+
| id | itemid | clock | value | ns |
+---------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+
| 1937748 | 30436 | 1545381354 | 10/11/2017 14:28:06 | 892072527 |
| 1937749 | 28311 | 1545381364 | N/A | 146021861 |
| 1937750 | 27186 | 1545381374 | N/A | 934199968 |
| 1937751 | 26936 | 1545381376 | N/A | 146546842 |
| 1937752 | 28936 | 1545381378 | N/A | 189324808 |
| 1937753 | 24686 | 1545381380 | N/A | 89381118 |
| 1937754 | 25061 | 1545381383 | N/A | 484549259 |
| 1937755 | 28061 | 1545381385 | N/A | 699330874 |
| 1937756 | 27061 | 1545381389 | N/A | 559602805 |
| 1937757 | 30686 | 1545381391 | N/A | 303467948 |
+---------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+
history_uint
history_unit 表存放信息类型为数字(无正负)的监控项历史数据，类型在配置监控项是指定
MariaDB [rtm]> desc history_uint;
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| itemid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| clock | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| value | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| ns | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
+--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ MariaDB [rtm]> select * from history_uint limit 10;
+-----------+------------+-------+----+
| itemid | clock | value | ns |
+-----------+------------+-------+----+
| 100029541 | 1545404700 | 4311 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545405000 | 4276 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545405300 | 4242 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545405600 | 4207 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545405900 | 4172 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545406200 | 4137 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545406500 | 4102 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545406800 | 4067 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545407100 | 4032 | 0 |
| 100029541 | 1545407400 | 3997 | 0 |
+-----------+------------+-------+----+
trends相关表
MariaDB [rtm]> show tables like 'trends%';
+-------------------------+
| Tables_in_rtm (trends%) |
+-------------------------+
| trends |
| trends_uint |
+-------------------------+
trends
itemid:监控项唯一标识id
clock:时间戳整数部分
num：该小时内用了多少数据用于计算平均值、最小值、最大值
value_min：趋势时间内最小值(趋势数据时间间隔为一小时)
value_avg：趋势时间内平均值(趋势数据时间间隔为一小时)
value_max：趋势时间内最大值(趋势数据时间间隔为一小时)
MariaDB [rtm]> desc trends;
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| itemid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| clock | int(11) | NO | PRI | 0 | |
| num | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| value_min | double(16,4) | NO | | 0.0000 | |
| value_avg | double(16,4) | NO | | 0.0000 | |
| value_max | double(16,4) | NO | | 0.0000 | |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ MariaDB [rtm]> select * from trends limit 10;
+--------+------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| itemid | clock | num | value_min | value_avg | value_max |
+--------+------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 23252 | 1538211600 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0006 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538215200 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0008 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538218800 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0008 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538222400 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0003 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538226000 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0008 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538229600 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0017 | 0.0508 |
| 23252 | 1538233200 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0011 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538236800 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0014 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538240400 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0008 | 0.0169 |
| 23252 | 1538244000 | 60 | 0.0000 | 0.0003 | 0.0169 |
+--------+------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-----------+
trends_unit
MariaDB [rtm]> desc trends_uint;
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| itemid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| clock | int(11) | NO | PRI | 0 | |
| num | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| value_min | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| value_avg | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| value_max | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ MariaDB [rtm]> select * from trends_uint limit 10;
+--------+------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| itemid | clock | num | value_min | value_avg | value_max |
+--------+------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 23271 | 1538211600 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538215200 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538218800 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538222400 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538226000 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538229600 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538233200 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538236800 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538240400 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 23271 | 1538244000 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
+--------+------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-----------+