Java的URL/URI无法正确解析以?开头的链接(审讯点)

问题描述

我正在尝试使用Java的URL或URI类解析以问号?开头的相对链接.

I'm trying to resolve a relative link that starts with a question mark ? using Java's URL or URI classes.

HTML示例:

<a href="?test=xyz">Test XYZ</a>

代码示例(来自Scala REPL):

Code examples (from Scala REPL):

import java.net._

scala> new URL(new URL("http://abc.com.br/index.php?hello=world"), "?test=xyz").toExternalForm()
res30: String = http://abc.com.br/?test=xyz

scala> (new URI("http://abc.com.br/index.php?hello=world")).resolve("?test=xyz").toString
res31: java.net.URI = http://abc.com.br/?test=xyz

问题是浏览器(在Chrome，Firefox和Safari上经过测试)输出了以下URL:http://abc.com.br/index.php?hello=world.它不会丢弃路径"index.php".它只是替换了查询字符串部分.

The problem is that browsers (tested on Chrome, Firefox and Safari) output the following URL instead: http://abc.com.br/index.php?hello=world. It doesn't discard the path "index.php". It just replaces the query string part.

似乎浏览器只是遵循 https://stackoverflow.com/a/7872230/40876 .

Jsoup 库在使用element.absUrl("href")时会产生相同的错误"，因为它也依赖于Java的解决.

Jsoup library makes the same "mistake" when we use element.absUrl("href") as it also depends on java's URL resolving.

那么Java的URL/URI解析相对路径是怎么回事?这是错误的/不完整的吗?如何使其行为与浏览器实现相同?

So what's up with java's URL/URI resolving relative paths? Is it wrong/incomplete?How to make it behave the same as the browsers implementation?

推荐答案

这将很好地工作:

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    String base = "http://abc.com.br/index.php?hello=world";
    String relative = "?test=xyz";

    System.out.println(new URL(new URL(base), relative).toExternalForm());
    // http://abc.com.br/?test=xyz

    System.out.println((new URI(base)).resolve(relative).toString());
    // http://abc.com.br/?test=xyz

    System.out.println(org.apache.http.client.utils.URIUtils.resolve(new URI(base), relative).toString());
    // http://abc.com.br/index.php?test=xyz
}

URIUtils位于org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient 4.0或更高版本中.

URIUtils live in org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient version 4.0 or higher.

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