C和C ++调用约定之间有什么区别?

问题描述

据我所知，调用约定取决于编译器和体系结构.但是C和C ++调用约定之间是否有明显的区别?

解决方案

通常没有. C ++的目的是尽可能地与C兼容，特别是它在所有系统上都使用C应用程序二进制接口.

但是C ABI不能满足C ++所需的许多功能(特别是重载，名称空间和函数模板)，因此C ++编译器对函数名称进行了一些更改.这称为名称处理

因此，为了使C和C ++代码之间的函数调用能够正常工作，必须将此类函数声明为extern "C"，这将禁用名称修饰，并确保调用约定是C期望的约定(但我希望这是后一个方面)即使标准没有强制要求自动提供).

C ++还具有成员函数的附加调用约定(有时称为此调用)，该调用在C中不存在.但是自由函数使用与C相同的调用约定，无论给定系统上的哪个.

As I know, the calling convention is compiler and architecture dependent. But are there any clear differences between C and C++ calling conventions?

解决方案

In general, there’s none. C++ was intentionally designed to be as much as possible compatible with C, and in particular it uses the C application binary interface on all systems.

But the C ABI doesn’t cater for a lot of features that C++ needs (in particular, overloading, namespaces and function templates) so the C++ compiler makes some changes to the names of functions. This is called name mangling

So in order for function calls between C and C++ code to work, such functions must be declared as extern "C" which disables name mangling and makes sure that the calling conventions are those expected by C (but I expect that this latter aspect comes automatically, even though the standard doesn’t mandate this).

C++ also has additional calling conventions for member functions (sometimes called thiscall) which don’t exist in C. But free functions use the same calling convention as C, whichever that is on a given system.

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