从内部获取Bash脚本的源目录 | 从内部获取Bash脚本的源目录

本文介绍了从内部获取Bash脚本的源目录的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

如何获取脚本的目录路径位于中那个脚本？

How do I get the path of the directory in which a Bash script is located, inside that script?

例如，我想使用一个Bash脚本作为另一个应用程序的启动器。我想将工作目录更改为Bash脚本所在的目录，因此我可以对目录中的文件进行操作，如下所示：

For instance, let's say I want to use a Bash script as a launcher for another application. I want to change the working directory to the one where the Bash script is located, so I can operate on the files in that directory, like so:

$ ./application

推荐答案

DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"

一个线程，无论从哪里被调用，都将为您提供脚本的完整目录名。

is a useful one-liner which will give you the full directory name of the script no matter where it is being called from.

只要路径的最后一个组件用来查找脚本不是一个符号链接（目录链接可以）。如果您还想解决脚本本身的任何链接，您需要一个多行解决方案：

It will work as long as the last component of the path used to find the script is not a symlink (directory links are OK). If you also want to resolve any links to the script itself, you need a multi-line solution:

SOURCE="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"
while [ -h "$SOURCE" ]; do # resolve $SOURCE until the file is no longer a symlink
  DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"
  SOURCE="$(readlink "$SOURCE")"
  [[ $SOURCE != /* ]] && SOURCE="$DIR/$SOURCE" # if $SOURCE was a relative symlink, we need to resolve it relative to the path where the symlink file was located
done
DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"

最后一个使用别名的任何组合， source ， bash -c ，符号链接等。

This last one will work with any combination of aliases, source, bash -c, symlinks, etc.

小心：如果您在运行此代码段之前将 cd 转到另一个目录，结果可能不正确！另外，请注意。

Beware: if you cd to a different directory before running this snippet, the result may be incorrect! Also, watch out for $CDPATH gotchas.

要了解它的工作原理，请尝试运行这种更详细的形式：

To understand how it works, try running this more verbose form:

#!/bin/bash

SOURCE="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"
while [ -h "$SOURCE" ]; do # resolve $SOURCE until the file is no longer a symlink
  TARGET="$(readlink "$SOURCE")"
  if [[ $TARGET == /* ]]; then
    echo "SOURCE '$SOURCE' is an absolute symlink to '$TARGET'"
    SOURCE="$TARGET"
  else
    DIR="$( dirname "$SOURCE" )"
    echo "SOURCE '$SOURCE' is a relative symlink to '$TARGET' (relative to '$DIR')"
    SOURCE="$DIR/$TARGET" # if $SOURCE was a relative symlink, we need to resolve it relative to the path where the symlink file was located
  fi
done
echo "SOURCE is '$SOURCE'"
RDIR="$( dirname "$SOURCE" )"
DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"
if [ "$DIR" != "$RDIR" ]; then
  echo "DIR '$RDIR' resolves to '$DIR'"
fi
echo "DIR is '$DIR'"

它将打印如下：

SOURCE './scriptdir.sh' is a relative symlink to 'sym2/scriptdir.sh' (relative to '.')
SOURCE is './sym2/scriptdir.sh'
DIR './sym2' resolves to '/home/ubuntu/dotfiles/fo fo/real/real1/real2'
DIR is '/home/ubuntu/dotfiles/fo fo/real/real1/real2'

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