OWL的EquivalentClass与SubClassOf

问题描述

的EquivalentClass和SubClass有什么区别?在阅读OWL入门时，我发现本教程大量使用SubClassOf来声明一个新类，如下所示:

What is the difference between EquivalentClass and SubClass of? While reading through OWL primer, i find the tutorial uses SubClassOf a lot to declare a new class, as follows

SubClassOf(
  :Teenager
  DataSomeValuesFrom( :hasAge
    DatatypeRestriction( xsd:integer
      xsd:minExclusive "12"^^xsd:integer
      xsd:maxInclusive "19"^^xsd:integer
    )
  )
)

我可以写

EquivalentClass(
  :Teenager
  DataSomeValuesFrom( :hasAge
    DatatypeRestriction( xsd:integer
      xsd:minExclusive "12"^^xsd:integer
      xsd:maxInclusive "19"^^xsd:integer
    )
  )
)

相反?

推荐答案

在声明A是 B的子类时，这限制了A必然继承B，，反之亦然.在您的示例中，A = Teenager和B = hasAge [12:19](我自己的符号，但是您知道了).

When stating that A is a subclass of B, this restricts A to necessarily inherit all characteristics of B, but not the other way around. In your example, A = Teenager, and B = hasAge [12:19] (my own notation, but you get the idea).

这意味着OWL本体中的Teenager的任何实例还必须具有hasAge属性，其值在[12:19]范围内，但 不是 .具体来说，这并不意味着具有属性hasAge且值在[12:19]范围内的任何事物的实例也是Teenager的实例.为了清楚起见，请考虑类Car的实例(称为c).我们也可以这样说:

This means that any instance of Teenager in the OWL ontology must necessarily also have the property hasAge with a value in the range [12:19], but not the other way around. Specifically, this does not mean that any instance of something with the property hasAge with a value in the range [12:19] is also an instance of Teenager. To make this clear, consider an instance (called c) of class Car. We might also say that:

c . hasAge 13

这表示Car的实例c已经13岁了.但是，在上面定义Teenager的子类公理中， reasoner 不会 推断c也是Teenager的实例(也许是我们想要的) ，如果青少年是人，而不是汽车).

This says that instance c of Car is 13 years old. However, with the subclass axiom defining Teenager above, a reasoner would not infer that c is also an instance of Teenager (perhaps as we'd want, if teenagers are people, not cars).

使用对等关系时的区别在于，子类关系隐含在两个方向上.因此，如果我们改为包含第二个公理，该公理将Teenager定义为等价到任何具有hasAge属性且值在[12:19]范围内的东西，则推理程序会推断出汽车c也是Teenager的实例.

The difference when using equivalence is that the subclass relationship is implied to go in both directions. So, if we were to instead include the second axiom that defined Teenager to be equivalent to anything with the property hasAge with a value in the range [12:19], then a reasoner would infer that the car c is also an instance of Teenager.

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