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问题描述

我正在使用freeglut,GLEW 和DevIL 使用顶点和片段着色器渲染纹理茶壶.在Ubuntu 14.04上的OpenGL 2.0和GLSL 1.2中,一切正常.

I am using freeglut, GLEW and DevIL to render a textured teapot using a vertex and fragment shader. This is all working fine in OpenGL 2.0 and GLSL 1.2 on Ubuntu 14.04.

现在,我想将凹凸贴图应用于茶壶.我的讲师显然不会自己泡茶,因此也不知道它们应该光滑.无论如何,我发现关于老式凹凸贴图的漂亮教程,其中包括片段着色器始于:

Now, I want to apply a bump map to the teapot. My lecturer evidently doesn't brew his own tea, and so doesn't know they're supposed to be smooth. Anyway, I found a nice-looking tutorial on old-school bump mapping that includes a fragment shader that begins:

uniform sampler2D DecalTex; //The texture
uniform sampler2D BumpTex; //The bump-map

他们没有提到的是如何首先将两个纹理传递给着色器.

What they don't mention is how to pass two textures to the shader in the first place.

以前是我

//OpenGL cpp file
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureHandle);

//Vertex shader
gl_TexCoord[0] = gl_TextureMatrix[0] * gl_MultiTexCoord0;

//Fragment shader
gl_FragColor = color * texture2D(DecalTex,gl_TexCoord[0].xy);

所以现在我

//OpenGL cpp file
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureHandle);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, bumpHandle);

//Vertex shader
gl_TexCoord[0] = gl_TextureMatrix[0] * gl_MultiTexCoord0;
gl_TexCoord[1] = gl_TextureMatrix[1] * gl_MultiTexCoord1;

//Fragment shader
gl_FragColor = color * texture2D(BumpTex,gl_TexCoord[0].xy);
//no bump logic yet, just testing I can use texture 1 instead of texture 0

但这是行不通的.质地完全消失(实际上茶壶是白色的).我已经尝试了GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY,glActiveTexture和其他一些看起来似乎无济于事的选择.

but this doesn't work. The texture disappears completely (effectively the teapot is white). I've tried GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, glActiveTexture and few other likely-seeming but fruitless options.

在对新旧的OpenGL和GLSL的常规引用进行筛选之后,我得出的结论是我可能需要glGetUniformLocation.如何在OpenGL cpp文件中使用此 将已经填充的纹理句柄传递给片段着色器?

After sifting through the usual mixed bag of references to OpenGL and GLSL new and old, I've come to the conclusion that I probably need glGetUniformLocation. How exactly do I use this in the OpenGL cpp file to pass the already-populated texture handles to the fragment shader?

  • How to pass an array of textures with different sizes to GLSL?
  • Passing Multiple Textures from OpenGL to GLSL shader
  • Multiple textures in GLSL - only one works

(这是家庭作业,因此请以最少的代码片段(如果有的话)进行回答.谢谢!)

(This is homework so please answer with minimal code fragments (if at all). Thanks!)

失败了,有人能喝茶吗?

推荐答案

真的很简单.您所需要做的就是使用 glUniform1i 将采样器绑定到某个纹理单元.因此,对于您的代码示例,假设有两个统一的采样器:

It is very simple, really. All you need is to bind the sampler to some texture unit with glUniform1i. So for your code sample, assuming the two uniform samplers:

uniform sampler2D DecalTex;  // The texture  (we'll bind to texture unit 0)
uniform sampler2D BumpTex;   // The bump-map (we'll bind to texture unit 1)

在您的初始化代码中:

// Get the uniform variables location. You've probably already done that before...
decalTexLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader_program, "DecalTex");
bumpTexLocation  = glGetUniformLocation(shader_program, "BumpTex");

// Then bind the uniform samplers to texture units:
glUseProgram(shader_program);
glUniform1i(decalTexLocation, 0);
glUniform1i(bumpTexLocation,  1);

确定,设置了着色器制服,现在我们进行渲染.为此,您将需要通常的 glBindTexture 加上 glActiveTexture :

OK, shader uniforms set, now we render. To do so, you will need the usual glBindTexture plus glActiveTexture:

glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + 0); // Texture unit 0
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, decalTexHandle);

glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + 1); // Texture unit 1
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, bumpHandle);

// Done! Now you render normally.

在着色器中,您将像已经使用的那样使用纹理采样器:

And in the shader, you will use the textures samplers just like you already do:

vec4 a = texture2D(DecalTex, tc);
vec4 b = texture2D(BumpTex,  tc);

注意:对于凹凸贴图等技术,您仅需要一组纹理坐标,因为纹理相同,只包含不同的数据.因此,您应该将纹理坐标传递为顶点属性.

Note: For techniques like bump-mapping, you only need one set of texture coordinates, since the textures are the same, only containing different data. So you should probably pass texture coordinates as a vertex attribute.

这篇关于如何将多个纹理传递给单个着色器?的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持!

09-05 00:58