目录

94_二叉树的中序遍历

@

描述

给定一个二叉树,返回它的中序遍历。

示例:

输入: [1,null,2,3]
   1
    \
     2
    /
   3

输出: [1,3,2]

进阶: 递归算法很简单,你可以通过迭代算法完成吗?

方法一:递归

Java 代码

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        List<Integer> ret = new ArrayList<>();
        inorderTraversal(root, ret);
        return ret;
    }

    private void inorderTraversal(TreeNode root, List<Integer> ret) {
        if (root == null) {
            return;
        }

        inorderTraversal(root.left, ret);
        ret.add(root.val);
        inorderTraversal(root.right, ret);
    }
}

复杂度分析:

  • 时间复杂度:\(O(n)\),其中,\(n​\) 为二叉树节点的数目
  • 空间复杂度:平均为 \(O(log(n))\),最坏的情况为 \(O(n)\)

Python代码

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution:
    def inorderTraversal(self, root):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :rtype: List[int]
        """
        def dfs(root, ret):
            if root is None:
                return

            dfs(root.left, ret)
            ret.append(root.val)
            dfs(root.right, ret)

        ret = list()
        dfs(root, ret)
        return ret

复杂度分析同上。

方法二:非递归

Java 代码

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        List<Integer> ret = new ArrayList<>();
        Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
        TreeNode cur = root;
        while (cur != null || !stack.isEmpty()) {
            while (cur != null) {
                stack.push(cur);
                cur = cur.left;
            }
            cur = stack.pop();
            ret.add(cur.val);
            cur = cur.right;
        }
        return ret;
    }
}

复杂度分析:

  • 时间复杂度:\(O(n)\),其中,\(n\) 为二叉树节点的数目
  • 空间复杂度:\(O(h)\),其中,\(h\) 为二叉树的高度

Python 代码

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution:
    def inorderTraversal(self, root):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :rtype: List[int]
        """
        ret, stack = [], []
        cur = root
        while cur is not None or len(stack) > 0:
            while cur is not None:
                stack.append(cur)
                cur = cur.left

            cur = stack.pop()
            ret.append(cur.val)
            cur = cur.right

        return ret

复杂度分析同上。

10-12 15:30