问题描述
我要做的是在python函数中创建多个输出流,并将它们称为 1
, 2
, 3
.....:
test.py
:
What I am going to do is to create multiple output steams in a python function, and refer them as 1
, 2
, 3
.....:In test.py
:
def main():
...
print >>fd1, 'words1'
print >>fd2, 'words2'
print >>fd3, 'words3'
...
使用时重定向:
python test.py 1>1.txt 2>2.txt 3>3.txt
这些文件的内容:
1.txt -> words1
2.txt -> words2
3.txt -> words3
问题是,如何创建 fd1
, fd2
, fd3
?
The question is, how to create those fd1
, fd2
, fd3
?
已添加:
我用过这个:
outfiles = {}
for _ in range(3):
fd = os.dup(1)
outfiles[fd] = os.fdopen(fd, 'w')
def main():
for no in outfiles:
print >>outfiles[no], "foo"
print >>outfiles[no], outfiles[no].fileno()
但结果取决于我的执行方式此代码:
But the results depends on how I execute this code:
eg1:
python test.py
foo
3
foo
4
foo
5
eg2:
python test.py 3>log.txt
foo
4
foo
5
foo
6
eg3:
python test.py 1>log.txt
Nothing printed
所以我猜,输出实际上是 1
,如果文件描述符已经在执行中使用过(例如: python test.py 3> log.txt
),os.dup(1)将不再返回它。
So I guess, the output is actually 1
, and if a file descriptor have already been used in execute (eg:python test.py 3>log.txt
), the os.dup(1) won't return it anymore.
推荐答案
在Linux上,您希望存在于 / proc / self / fd /
中的文件句柄。例如:
On Linux, the file handles that you want exist in /proc/self/fd/
. For example:
with open('/proc/self/fd/1', 'w') as fd1, open('/proc/self/fd/2', 'w') as fd2, open('/proc/self/fd/3', 'w') as fd3:
print >>fd1, 'words1'
print >>fd2, 'words2'
print >>fd3, 'words3'
在其他一些unices上,您可以在 / dev / fd
下找到类似的文件句柄。
On some other unices, you may find similar file handles under /dev/fd
.
现在,您可以运行命令并验证输出文件是否符合要求:
Now, you can run your command and verify that the output files are as desired:
$ python test.py 1>1.txt 2>2.txt 3>3.txt
$ cat 1.txt
words1
$ cat 2.txt
words2
$ cat 3.txt
words3
打开文件描述符数量的限制
操作系统对进程可能具有的最大打开文件描述符数量进行限制。有关此问题的讨论,请参阅。
使用bash编号的文件描述符时,限制要严格得多。在bash下,只为用户保留最多9个文件描述符。使用更高的数字可能会导致与bash的内部使用冲突。从 man bash
:
When using bash's numbered file descriptors, the restrictions are much tighter. Under bash, only file descriptors up to 9 are reserved for the user. The use of higher numbers may cause conflict with bash's internal use. From man bash
:
如果,按照注释,你想分配数百个文件描述符,然后不要在 / proc / self / fd
中使用shell重定向或编号描述符。相反,使用python的open命令,例如直接在您想要的每个输出文件上打开('255.txt','w')
。
If, as per the comments, you want to assign hundreds of file descriptors, then don't use shell redirection or the numbered descriptors in /proc/self/fd
. Instead, use python's open command, e.g. open('255.txt', 'w')
directly on each output file that you want.
这篇关于在python中使用多个输出流?的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持!