当图标被加载并且 tk.mainloop 在线程中时，Tkinter 锁定 Python

问题描述

这是测试用例...

将 Tkinter 导入为 tk导入线程从时间导入睡眠如果 __name__ == '__main__':t = tk.Tk()thread.start_new_thread(t.mainloop, ())# t.iconbitmap('icon.ico')b = tk.Button(text='test', command=exit)b.grid(row=0)而 1:睡觉(1)

此代码有效.取消注释 t.iconbitmap 行并锁定.以您喜欢的任何方式重新安排；它会锁定.

当存在图标时，如何防止 tk.mainloop 锁定 GIL?

目标是 win32 和 Python 2.6.2.

解决方案

我相信你不应该在不同的线程上执行主循环.AFAIK，主循环应该在创建小部件的同一线程上执行.

我熟悉的 GUI 工具包(Tkinter、.NET Windows 窗体)是这样的:您只能从一个线程操作 GUI.

在 Linux 上，您的代码引发异常:

self.tk.mainloop(n)运行时错误:从不同的公寓调用 Tcl

以下之一将起作用(没有额外的线程):

如果 __name__ == '__main__':t = tk.Tk()t.iconbitmap('icon.ico')b = tk.Button(text='test', command=exit)b.grid(row=0)t.mainloop()

额外的线程:

def threadmain():t = tk.Tk()t.iconbitmap('icon.ico')b = tk.Button(text='test', command=exit)b.grid(row=0)t.mainloop()如果 __name__ == '__main__':thread.start_new_thread(threadmain, ())而 1:睡觉(1)

如果您需要从 tkinter 线程外部与 tkinter 进行通信，我建议您设置一个计时器来检查工作队列.

这是一个例子:

将 Tkinter 导入为 tk导入线程从时间导入睡眠导入队列request_queue = Queue.Queue()result_queue = Queue.Queue()def submit_to_tkinter(callable, *args, **kwargs):request_queue.put((callable, args, kwargs))返回 result_queue.get()t = 无定义线程主():全局 t定义计时器():尝试:callable, args, kwargs = request_queue.get_nowait()除了 Queue.Empty:经过别的:打印队列中的东西"retval = callable(*args, **kwargs)result_queue.put(retval)t.after(500, timertick)t = tk.Tk()t.configure(宽=640，高=480)b = tk.Button(text='test', name='button', command=exit)b.place(x=0, y=0)计时器()t.mainloop()定义 foo():t.title("你好世界")定义栏(button_text):t.children["button"].configure(text=button_text)def get_button_text():返回 t.children["button"]["text"]如果 __name__ == '__main__':thread.start_new_thread(threadmain, ())触发器 = 0而 1:触发 += 1如果触发器 == 3:submit_to_tkinter(foo)如果触发器 == 5:submit_to_tkinter(酒吧，改变")如果触发器 == 7:打印 submit_to_tkinter(get_button_text)睡觉(1)

Here's the test case...

import Tkinter as tk
import thread
from time import sleep

if __name__ == '__main__':
    t = tk.Tk()
    thread.start_new_thread(t.mainloop, ())
    # t.iconbitmap('icon.ico')

    b = tk.Button(text='test', command=exit)
    b.grid(row=0)

    while 1:
        sleep(1)

This code works. Uncomment the t.iconbitmap line and it locks. Re-arrange it any way you like; it will lock.

How do I prevent tk.mainloop locking the GIL when there is an icon present?

The target is win32 and Python 2.6.2.

解决方案

I believe you should not execute the main loop on a different thread. AFAIK, the main loop should be executed on the same thread that created the widget.

The GUI toolkits that I am familiar with (Tkinter, .NET Windows Forms) are that way: You can manipulate the GUI from one thread only.

On Linux, your code raises an exception:

self.tk.mainloop(n)
RuntimeError: Calling Tcl from different appartment

One of the following will work (no extra threads):

if __name__ == '__main__':
    t = tk.Tk()
    t.iconbitmap('icon.ico')

    b = tk.Button(text='test', command=exit)
    b.grid(row=0)

    t.mainloop()

With extra thread:

def threadmain():
    t = tk.Tk()
    t.iconbitmap('icon.ico')
    b = tk.Button(text='test', command=exit)
    b.grid(row=0)
    t.mainloop()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    thread.start_new_thread(threadmain, ())

    while 1:
        sleep(1)

---

If you need to do communicate with tkinter from outside the tkinter thread, I suggest you set up a timer that checks a queue for work.

Here is an example:

import Tkinter as tk
import thread
from time import sleep
import Queue

request_queue = Queue.Queue()
result_queue = Queue.Queue()

def submit_to_tkinter(callable, *args, **kwargs):
    request_queue.put((callable, args, kwargs))
    return result_queue.get()

t = None
def threadmain():
    global t

    def timertick():
        try:
            callable, args, kwargs = request_queue.get_nowait()
        except Queue.Empty:
            pass
        else:
            print "something in queue"
            retval = callable(*args, **kwargs)
            result_queue.put(retval)

        t.after(500, timertick)

    t = tk.Tk()
    t.configure(width=640, height=480)
    b = tk.Button(text='test', name='button', command=exit)
    b.place(x=0, y=0)
    timertick()
    t.mainloop()

def foo():
    t.title("Hello world")

def bar(button_text):
    t.children["button"].configure(text=button_text)

def get_button_text():
    return t.children["button"]["text"]

if __name__ == '__main__':
    thread.start_new_thread(threadmain, ())

    trigger = 0
    while 1:
        trigger += 1

        if trigger == 3:
            submit_to_tkinter(foo)

        if trigger == 5:
            submit_to_tkinter(bar, "changed")

        if trigger == 7:
            print submit_to_tkinter(get_button_text)

        sleep(1)

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