在python中使用argparse将csv转换为xml

问题描述

一个非常快速的问题，基本上我的程序需要一个输入文件，它是一个 csv 文件，然后将其转换为一个 xml 文件.但是，xml 文件的名称可以由用户输入设置，或者如果用户未指定名称，则 xml 文件将与 csv 文件具有相同的名称，但扩展名为 .xml.我需要后者的帮助.到目前为止，当为输出文件指定名称时，我的程序可以运行，但是当用户未输入名称时，我不知道如何设置 xml 文件名.我知道如果用户未设置名称，则 argparse.outputfile 为 none，我可以编写一个简单的 if 语句进行检查，但我不知道如何将名称设置为与 csv 文件名相同.这是我的代码:

A really quick quesiton, basically my program takes an inputfile which is a csv file and then converts it into a xml file. However, the name of the xml file can either be set by the user input or if the user doesn't specify the name, then the xml file will have the same name as the csv file except with a .xml extension. I need help with the latter. So far my program works when the output file is given a name but i don't know how to set the xml file name when the user doesn't input a name. I know that if the user doesn't set a name then argparse.outputfile is none and i can write a simple if statement to check but i do not know how to set the name to be the same as the csv file name after. Here is my code:

import sys, argparse
import csv
import indent
from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree, Element, SubElement, Comment, tostring

parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Convert wordlist text files to various formats.', prog='Text Converter')
parser.add_argument('-v','--verbose',action='store_true',dest='verbose',help='Increases messages being printed to stdout')
parser.add_argument('-c','--csv',action='store_true',dest='readcsv',help='Reads CSV file and converts to XML file with same name')
parser.add_argument('-x','--xml',action='store_true',dest='toxml',help='Convert CSV to XML with different name')
parser.add_argument('-i','--inputfile',type=argparse.FileType('r'),dest='inputfile',help='Name of file to be imported',required=True)
parser.add_argument('-o','--outputfile',type=argparse.FileType('w'),dest='outputfile',help='Output file name')
args = parser.parse_args()

def main(argv):
    reader = read_csv(args.inputfile)
    if args.verbose:
        print ('Verbose Selected')
    if args.toxml:
        if args.verbose:
            print ('Convert to XML Selected')
        generate_xml(reader, args.outputfile)
    if args.readcsv:
        if args.verbose:
            print ('Reading CSV file')
    if not (args.toxml or args.readcsv):
        parser.error('No action requested')
    return 1

def read_csv(inputfile):
      return list(csv.reader(inputfile))

def generate_xml(reader,outfile):
    root = Element('Solution')
    root.set('version','1.0')
    tree = ElementTree(root)

    head = SubElement(root, 'DrillHoles')
    head.set('total_holes', '238')

    description = SubElement(head,'description')
    current_group = None
    i = 0
    for row in reader:
        if i > 0:
            x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,z2,cost = row
            if current_group is None or i != current_group.text:
                current_group = SubElement(description, 'hole',{'hole_id':"%s"%i})

                collar = SubElement (current_group, 'collar',{'':', '.join((x1,y1,z1))}),
                toe = SubElement (current_group, 'toe',{'':', '.join((x2,y2,z2))})
                cost = SubElement(current_group, 'cost',{'':cost})
        i+=1
    indent.indent(root)
    tree.write(outfile)

if (__name__ == "__main__"):
    sys.exit(main(sys.argv))

推荐答案

将import os"添加到文件顶部的导入列表中.然后，在解析之后，您可以检查和设置参数:

Add "import os" to the list of imports at the top of the file. Then, right after parsing, you can check and set the argument:

if args.outputfile is None:
    args.outputfile = os.path.splitext(args.inputfile)[0] + '.xml'

顺便说一下，参数默认为其长选项名称.当您想使用不同的名称时，您只需要dest"关键字.因此，例如，'verbose' 可以是:

By the way, arguments default to their long option name. You only need the 'dest' keyword when you want to use a different name. So, for example, 'verbose' could be:

parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true',
    help='Increases messages being printed to stdout')

这里是使用输出文件处理和 chepner 建议对文件名使用位置参数重新设计的示例.

Here is the example reworked with outputfile handling and with chepner's suggestion to use positional arguments for the file names.

import os
import sys
import argparse
import csv
import indent
from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree, Element, SubElement, Comment, tostring

def get_args(args):
    parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Convert wordlist text files to various formats.', prog='Text Converter')
    parser.add_argument('-v','--verbose',action='store_true',dest='verbose',help='Increases messages being printed to stdout')
    parser.add_argument('-c','--csv',action='store_true',dest='readcsv',help='Reads CSV file and converts to XML file with same name')
    parser.add_argument('-x','--xml',action='store_true',dest='toxml',help='Convert CSV to XML with different name')
    #parser.add_argument('-i','--inputfile',type=str,help='Name of file to be imported',required=True)
    #parser.add_argument('-o','--outputfile',help='Output file name')
    parser.add_argument('inputfile',type=str,help='Name of file to be imported')
    parser.add_argument('outputfile',help='(optional) Output file name',nargs='?')
    args = parser.parse_args()
    if not (args.toxml or args.readcsv):
        parser.error('No action requested')
        return None
    if args.outputfile is None:
        args.outputfile = os.path.splitext(args.inputfile)[0] + '.xml'
    return args

def main(argv):
    args = get_args(argv[1:])
    if args is None:
        return 1
    inputfile = open(args.inputfile, 'r')
    outputfile = open(args.outputfile, 'w')
    reader = read_csv(inputfile)
    if args.verbose:
        print ('Verbose Selected')
    if args.toxml:
        if args.verbose:
            print ('Convert to XML Selected')
        generate_xml(reader, outputfile)
    if args.readcsv:
        if args.verbose:
            print ('Reading CSV file')
    return 1 # you probably want to return 0 on success

def read_csv(inputfile):
      return list(csv.reader(inputfile))

def generate_xml(reader,outfile):
    root = Element('Solution')
    root.set('version','1.0')
    tree = ElementTree(root)

    head = SubElement(root, 'DrillHoles')
    head.set('total_holes', '238')

    description = SubElement(head,'description')
    current_group = None
    i = 0
    for row in reader:
        if i > 0:
            x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,z2,cost = row
            if current_group is None or i != current_group.text:
                current_group = SubElement(description, 'hole',{'hole_id':"%s"%i})

                collar = SubElement (current_group, 'collar',{'':', '.join((x1,y1,z1))}),
                toe = SubElement (current_group, 'toe',{'':', '.join((x2,y2,z2))})
                cost = SubElement(current_group, 'cost',{'':cost})
        i+=1
    indent.indent(root)
    tree.write(outfile)

if (__name__ == "__main__"):
    sys.exit(main(sys.argv))

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