‘规则’对象不可迭代

‘规则’对象不可迭代

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“类型错误:‘规则’对象不可迭代"；在 python 中抓取 .aspx 页面

本文介绍了“类型错误:‘规则’对象不可迭代"；在 python 中抓取 .aspx 页面的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

我正在使用以下代码抓取此网站(http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1) ;但是，获得以下类型错误:

I am using the following code to scrape this website (http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1) ; however, obtain the following TypeError:

文件C:\Users\Anaconda2\lib\site-packages\scrapy\contrib\spiders\crawl.py"，第 83 行，在 _compile_rules 中self._rules = [copy.copy(r) for r in self.rules]类型错误:规则"对象不可迭代"

"File "C:\Users\Anaconda2\lib\site-packages\scrapy\contrib\spiders\crawl.py", line 83, in _compile_rules self._rules = [copy.copy(r) for r in self.rules]TypeError: 'Rule' object is not iterable"

我没有在第 83 行编写任何代码，因此，想知道是否有人对如何解决该问题有任何想法?我在 Windows 中使用 Python 2.7.

I don't have any code written on line 83, thus, wondering if anyone has ideas on how to resolve the issue? I'm using Python 2.7 in Windows.

谢谢！

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import scrapy
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector


class MdiMassSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = "MdiMass"
    allowed_domains = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx"]
    start_urls = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1"]
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=(".*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*,"))),)
    # all pages to scrape follow the same: http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=1311
    #PhysicianID=XXXX

    def __init__(self):
        CrawlSpider.__init__(self)
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    #def __del__(self):
    #   self.selenium.quit()
    #   print self.verificationErrors

    def parse(self, response):
        self.driver.get('http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1')


    def parse(self):
        select = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_cmbDistance\"]"))
        print select.options
        print [o.text for o in select.options]
        select.select_by_visible_text("15")

        zip = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtZip\"]")
        zip.send_keys("02109")

        prim_care_chekbox = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SpecialtyGroupsCheckbox_6\"]")
        prim_care_chekbox.click()

        find_phy_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_btnSearch\"]")
        find_phy_button.click()

        for sel in response.xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a"):
            item = MdiMassItem()
            item["phy_name"] = sel.xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/p[1]").extract()
            item["lic_status"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/a[1]").extract()
            item["lic_issue_date"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[2]").extract()
            item["prim_worksetting"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[2]").extract()
            item["npi"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Med_sch_grad_date"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[3]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Area_of_speciality"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[4]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]").extract()
            item["link"] =  driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a").extract()
            print item

编辑代码:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import scrapy
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector


class MdiMassSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = "MdiMass"
    allowed_domains = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx"]
    start_urls = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1"]

    rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=(".*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*"))),)
    # all pages to scrape follow the same: http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=1311
    #PhysicianID=XXXX

    def __init__(self):
        CrawlSpider.__init__(self)
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get('http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1')

    def parse(self, response):
        driver = self.driver
        select = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_cmbDistance\"]"))
        print select.options
        print [o.text for o in select.options]
        select.select_by_visible_text("15")

        zip = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtZip\"]")
        zip.send_keys("02109")

        prim_care_chekbox = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SpecialtyGroupsCheckbox_6\"]")
        prim_care_chekbox.click()

        find_phy_button = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_btnSearch\"]")
        find_phy_button.click()

        for sel in response.xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a"):
            item = MdiMassItem()
            item["phy_name"] = sel.xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/p[1]").extract()
            item["lic_status"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/a[1]").extract()
            item["lic_issue_date"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[2]").extract()
            item["prim_worksetting"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[2]").extract()
            item["npi"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Med_sch_grad_date"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[3]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Area_of_speciality"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[4]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]").extract()
            item["link"] =  driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a").extract()
            print item

Python 日志消息:

C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass>scrapy crawl MdiMass -o items.csv
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 0.24.4 started (bot: MdiMass)
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11, boto
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings: {'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'MdiMass.spiders', 'FEED_FORMAT': 'csv', 'SPIDER_M
ODULES': ['MdiMass.spiders'], 'FEED_URI': 'items.csv', 'BOT_NAME': 'MdiMass'}
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled extensions: FeedExporter, LogStats, TelnetConsole, CloseSpider, WebService, CoreStat
s, SpiderState
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: HttpAuthMiddleware, DownloadTimeoutMiddleware, UserAgentMidd
leware, RetryMiddleware, DefaultHeadersMiddleware, MetaRefreshMiddleware, HttpCompressionMiddleware, RedirectMiddleware, CookiesMidd
leware, ChunkedTransferMiddleware, DownloaderStats
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: HttpErrorMiddleware, OffsiteMiddleware, RefererMiddleware, UrlLe
ngthMiddleware, DepthMiddleware
C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled item pipelines: CsvWriterPipeline
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Spider opened
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] DEBUG: Web service listening on 127.0.0.1:6080
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] DEBUG: Redirecting (302) to <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.as
px> from <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1>
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx> (re
ferer: None)
[<selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B210>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at
0x0493B0B0>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B1F0>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElemen
t object at 0x0493B110>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B150>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webeleme
nt.WebElement object at 0x0493B170>]
[u'', u'5', u'10', u'15', u'30', u'50']
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
        {'downloader/request_bytes': 575,
         'downloader/request_count': 2,
         'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 2,
         'downloader/response_bytes': 19312,
         'downloader/response_count': 2,
         'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
         'downloader/response_status_count/302': 1,
         'finish_reason': 'finished',
         'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 2, 26, 6, 11, 50, 150000),
         'log_count/DEBUG': 4,
         'log_count/INFO': 7,
         'response_received_count': 1,
         'scheduler/dequeued': 2,
         'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 2,
         'scheduler/enqueued': 2,
         'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 2,
         'start_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 2, 26, 6, 11, 49, 134000)}
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

推荐答案

问题出在下面一行.

rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor (allow=("
.*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*,"
))))

您错过了定位逗号.正确的代码是:

You miss positioned a comma. The correct code is:

rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("
.*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*"
))),)

通过此更正，您可以使规则可迭代.

By this correction you make the rule iterable.

这里对迭代器的定义很好:(构建一个基本的 Python 迭代器)

Good definition of iterators here: (Build a Basic Python Iterator)

python 中的迭代器对象符合迭代器协议，这基本上意味着它们提供了两种方法:__iter__() 和 next().

Iterator objects in python conform to the iterator protocol, which basically means they provide two methods: __iter__() and next().

__iter__ 返回迭代器对象并在循环开始时隐式调用.

The __iter__ returns the iterator object and is implicitly called at the start of loops.

next() 方法返回下一个值，并在每次循环增量时隐式调用.
next() 在没有更多值要返回时引发 StopIteration 异常，这是由循环构造隐式捕获以停止迭代.

The next() method returns the next value and is implicitly called at each loop increment.
next() raises a StopIteration exception when there are no more value to return, which is implicitly captured by looping constructs to stop iterating.

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08-28 12:12
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