R CMD 检查不在 Rtools 目录中寻找 gcc

问题描述

R 一直在安装软件包，但突然间——我想不出我修改或卸载的任何相关内容——当我在命令提示符中运行 R CMD check 或在 R 控制台中运行 devtools::check() 时，它找不到 gcc；它提供以下错误:

R has been installing packages just fine, but suddenly – I can't think of anything relevant that I modified or uninstalled – it can't find gcc when I run R CMD check in the command prompt, or devtools::check() in the R console; it delivers the following error:

* installing *source* package 'PkgName' ...
** libs
C:/MinGW/bin/gcc  -I"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-34~1.2/include" -DNDEBUG     -I"d:/Compiler/gcc-4.9.3/local330/include"     -O3 -Wall  -std=gnu99 -mtune=core2 -c PkgName-init.c -o PkgName-init.o
C:/MinGW/bin/gcc: not found

我想让R在C:Rtools-3.4mingw_32in中找到gcc，也就是系统PATH中指定的位置；strsplit(Sys.getenv('PATH'), ';') 给出

I want R to find gcc in C:Rtools-3.4mingw_32in, which is the location specified in the system PATH; strsplit(Sys.getenv('PATH'), ';') gives

[...]
[4] "c:\Rtools-3.4\bin"
[5] "c:\Rtools-3.4\mingw_32\bin"
[7] "C:\Program Files\R\R-3.4.2\bin\i386"
[8] "C:\Program Files\R\R-3.4.2\bin"
[9] "C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\miktex\bin\x64\"
[...]

如何告诉 R 不要查看不存在的目录 C:MinGW，而是遵循 PATH?

How can I tell R not to look in the non-existent directory C:MinGW, and instead to follow the PATH?

我不想在那里安装第二个 MinGW 副本，因为这会导致其他问题.

I don't want to install a second copy of MinGW there, as this causes other issues.

推荐答案

R 使用 BINPREF 变量来定位可执行文件:gcc 可执行文件的位置由 CC = $(BINPREF)gcc $(M_ARCH)

R uses a BINPREF variable to locate executables:the location of the gcc executable is given by CC = $(BINPREF)gcc $(M_ARCH)

在我的例子中，BINPREF 是由 C:/Users/MYUSERNAME/Documents/.R/Makevars 设置的.删除此文件的内容会删除不正确的位置.

In my case, BINPREF was being set by C:/Users/MYUSERNAME/Documents/.R/Makevars. Deleting the contents of this file removed the incorrect location.

检查文件 $RPATH/etc/i386/Makeconf 也是值得的，每次新安装 R 时都会重新创建该文件.注意该行BINPREF ?= c:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/，如果它(通过 ?= 运算符)将设置 BINPREF 的值尚未设置，因为它在上面提到的 Makevars 文件中.

It is also worth checking the file $RPATH/etc/i386/Makeconf, which will be re-created with each new installation of R. Note the lineBINPREF ?= c:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/, which (via the ?= operator) will set the value of BINPREF if it is not already set, as it was in the Makevars file mentioned above.

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