什么是带有 C++ 上下文的单态化?

问题描述

Dave Herman 最近在 Rust 的演讲说他们从 C++ 借用了这个属性.我找不到有关该主题的任何内容.有人能解释一下什么是单态化吗?

Dave Herman's recent talk in Rust said that they borrowed this property from C++. I couldn't find anything around the topic. Can somebody please explain what monomorphisation means?

推荐答案

单态化意味着生成通用函数的特殊版本.如果我编写一个函数来提取任何对的第一个元素:

Monomorphization means generating specialized versions of generic functions. If I write a function that extracts the first element of any pair:

fn first<A, B>(pair: (A, B)) -> A {
    let (a, b) = pair;
    return a;
}

然后我调用了这个函数两次:

and then I call this function twice:

first((1, 2));
first(("a", "b"));

编译器将生成两个版本的 first()，一个专门用于整数对，一个专门用于字符串对.

The compiler will generate two versions of first(), one specialized to pairs of integers and one specialized to pairs of strings.

该名称源自编程语言术语多态性"——意思是一种可以处理多种类型数据的函数.单态化是从多态到单态代码的转换.

The name derives from the programming language term "polymorphism" — meaning one function that can deal with many types of data. Monomorphization is the conversion from polymorphic to monomorphic code.

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