如何使用STM32CUBEF4 HAL库通过i2c读出传感器数据?

问题描述

我想使用最新的HAL库而不是标准外围设备库.

I want to use the latest HAL library instead of Standard Peripheral Library.

我想读出BMA250E G传感器的chip_id，但是它不起作用.

And i want to readout the BMA250E G-sensor's chip_id, but it doesn't work.

aRxBuffer的值始终保持为0x00.但这应该是0xf9！

Value of aRxBuffer always keep at 0x00. But it should be 0xf9!

我的代码有什么问题?

‪#‎include‬ "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

#define I2Cx_SDA_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE() __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()
#define I2Cx_SDA_PIN GPIO_PIN_9
#define I2Cx_SDA_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define I2Cx_SDA_AF GPIO_AF4_I2C1

#define I2Cx_SCL_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE() __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()
#define I2Cx_SCL_PIN GPIO_PIN_6
#define I2Cx_SCL_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define I2Cx_SCL_AF GPIO_AF4_I2C1

#define I2Cx_CLK_ENABLE() __HAL_RCC_I2C1_CLK_ENABLE()
#define I2Cx_FORCE_RESET() __HAL_RCC_I2C1_FORCE_RESET()
#define I2Cx_RELEASE_RESET() __HAL_RCC_I2C1_RELEASE_RESET()

‪#‎define‬ I2C_ADDRESS 0x18

static void SystemClock_Config(void);

uint8_t aTxBuffer[2],aRxBuffer;

int main()
{
    HAL_Init();
    SystemClock_Config();
    I2C_HandleTypeDef I2cHandle;

    I2cHandle.Instance = I2C1;
    I2cHandle.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
    I2cHandle.Init.ClockSpeed = 400000;
    I2cHandle.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;
    I2cHandle.Init.DutyCycle = I2C_DUTYCYCLE_16_9;
    I2cHandle.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
    I2cHandle.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
    I2cHandle.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
    I2cHandle.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;

    HAL_I2C_Init(&I2cHandle);

    aTxBuffer[0]=0x00;
    HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&I2cHandle, I2C_ADDRESS,aTxBuffer, 1, 10000);
    HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(&I2cHandle,I2C_ADDRESS|0x01 ,&aRxBuffer, 1, 10000);
    HAL_Delay(1000);
}

static void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
    RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;
    RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;

    __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
    RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 8;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 360;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 7;
    HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct);
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType =
        (RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK |
         RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2);
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
    HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5);
}

void HAL_I2C_MspInit(I2C_HandleTypeDef *hi2c)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;

    I2Cx_SCL_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE();
    I2Cx_SDA_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE();

    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = I2Cx_SCL_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_OD;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FAST;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = I2Cx_SCL_AF;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(I2Cx_SCL_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = I2Cx_SDA_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = I2Cx_SDA_AF;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(I2Cx_SDA_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

void HAL_I2C_MspDeInit(I2C_HandleTypeDef *hi2c)
{
    I2Cx_FORCE_RESET();
    I2Cx_RELEASE_RESET();
    HAL_GPIO_DeInit(I2Cx_SCL_GPIO_PORT, I2Cx_SCL_PIN);
    HAL_GPIO_DeInit(I2Cx_SDA_GPIO_PORT, I2Cx_SDA_PIN);
}

推荐答案

首先，我建议您使用STMCube.它将为您设置时钟和I2C总线.

First, I would advise you to use STMCube. It will set up the clock and the I2C bus for you.

检查HAL函数返回什么是一种很好的做法.如果您没有HAL_OK，则出问题了.

It is very good practice to check what the HAL functions return. If you don't have HAL_OK, something went wrong.

先尝试以100KHz，然后再提高到400KHz.

Try at 100KHz first, and then increase to 400KHz.

设备的I2C地址为0x18(如果SDO接地，我认为是).但是在HAL驱动程序中，您必须定义:

The I2C address of the device is 0x18 (if SDO is grounded, which I assume it is). But in the HAL driver, you have to define:

#‎define‬ I2C_ADDRESS (0x18<<1)

您想要做的是读取寄存器，因此不要使用HAL_I2C_Master_Receive或HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit，而是使用HAL_I2C_Mem_Read或HAL_I2C_Mem_Write，如下所示:

What you want to do is to read a register, so don't use HAL_I2C_Master_Receive or HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit, but HAL_I2C_Mem_Read or HAL_I2C_Mem_Write, like this:

#define REG_CHIP_ID 0x00
HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&I2cHandle, I2C_ADDRESS, REG_CHIP_ID, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, &aRxBuffer, 1, 10000);

此外，请注意，HAL负责地址的R/W位，因此您无需这样做:

Also, note that the HAL takes care of the R/W bit of the address, so you don't need to do:

I2C_ADDRESS|0x01

这篇关于如何使用STM32CUBEF4 HAL库通过i2c读出传感器数据?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！