URL命名空间的真实例子

问题描述

我正在研究 Django 文档，但遇到了一个我无法理解的部分:在实际问题中如何使用命名空间的真实示例是什么.我知道语法，但我不知道这样做的目的.

I am studying the Django documentation, but I encountered a part that I cannot understand: what is a real example of how use to use a namespace in a real problem. I know the syntax but I do not know the purpose of this.

推荐答案

通常，它们用于将每个应用程序的 URL 放入它们自己的命名空间中.这可以防止 reverse() Django 函数和 {% url %} 模板函数返回错误的 URL，因为 URL 模式名称碰巧在另一个应用程序中匹配.

Typically, they are used to put each application's URLs into their own namespace. This prevents the reverse() Django function and the {% url %} template function from returning the wrong URL because the URL-pattern name happened to match in another app.

我在项目级 urls.py 文件中的内容如下:

What I have in my project-level urls.py file is the following:

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib import admin
admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', 'main.views.main', name='main'),
    url(r'^login$', 'django.contrib.auth.views.login', name="login"),
    url(r'^logout$', 'django.contrib.auth.views.logout',
        {"next_page": "/"}, name="logout"),

# Admin
    url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),
    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)

# Auto-add the applications.
for app in settings.LOCAL_APPS:
    urlpatterns += patterns('',
        url(r'^{0}/'.format(app), include(app + '.urls', namespace=app)),
    )

注意最后一部分:这通过我安装的应用程序(settings.LOCAL_APPS 是我添加的一个设置，只包含我的应用程序；它被添加到 INSTALLED_APPS它有其他东西，如 South)，在每个文件中查找 urls.py，并将这些 URL 导入到以应用命名的命名空间中，并将这些 URL 放入以应用命名的 URL 子目录中应用程序.

Note the last section: this goes through the applications I have installed (settings.LOCAL_APPS is a setting I added that contains only my apps; it gets added to INSTALLED_APPS which has other things like South), looks for a urls.py in each of them, and imports those URLs into a namespace named after the app, and also puts those URLs into a URL subdirectory named after the app.

例如，如果我有一个名为 hosts 的应用程序，并且 hosts/urls.py 看起来像:

So, for example, if I have an app named hosts, and hosts/urls.py looks like:

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

urlpatterns = patterns('hosts.views',
    url(r'^$', 'show_hosts', name='list'),
)

现在我的 views.py 可以调用 reverse("hosts:list") 来获取调用 hosts.views.show_hosts，它看起来像 "/hosts/".模板中的 {% url "hosts:list" %} 也是如此.这样我就不必担心与另一个应用程序中名为list"的 URL 发生冲突，而且我不必在每个名称前加上 hosts_.

Now my views.py can call reverse("hosts:list") to get the URL to the page that calls hosts.views.show_hosts, and it will look something like "/hosts/". Same goes for {% url "hosts:list" %} in a template. This way I don't have to worry about colliding with a URL named "list" in another app, and I don't have to prefix every name with hosts_.

请注意，登录页面位于 {% url "login" %} 因为它没有命名空间.

Note that the login page is at {% url "login" %} since it wasn't given a namespace.

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