一种更好的变长字符串相似度排序算法

问题描述

我正在寻找一种字符串相似性算法，该算法在可变长度字符串上产生比通常建议的算法(levenshtein distance、soundex 等)更好的结果.

I'm looking for a string similarity algorithm that yields better results on variable length strings than the ones that are usually suggested (levenshtein distance, soundex, etc).

例如

给定字符串 A:Robert"，

Given string A: "Robert",

然后是字符串 B:Amy Robertson"

Then string B: "Amy Robertson"

会比

字符串 C:理查德"

此外，该算法最好是语言不可知的(也适用于英语以外的语言).

Also, preferably, this algorithm should be language agnostic (also works in languages other than English).

推荐答案

Catalysoft 的 Simon White 写了一篇关于比较相邻字符对的非常聪明的算法的文章，该算法非常适合我的目的:

Simon White of Catalysoft wrote an article about a very clever algorithm that compares adjacent character pairs that works really well for my purposes:

http://www.catalysoft.com/articles/StrikeAMatch.html

Simon 有一个 Java 版本的算法，下面我写了一个 PL/Ruby 版本(取自 Mark Wong-VanHaren 在相关论坛条目评论中完成的普通 ruby​​ 版本)，以便我可以在我的PostgreSQL 查询:

Simon has a Java version of the algorithm and below I wrote a PL/Ruby version of it (taken from the plain ruby version done in the related forum entry comment by Mark Wong-VanHaren) so that I can use it in my PostgreSQL queries:

CREATE FUNCTION string_similarity(str1 varchar, str2 varchar)
RETURNS float8 AS '

str1.downcase!
pairs1 = (0..str1.length-2).collect {|i| str1[i,2]}.reject {
  |pair| pair.include? " "}
str2.downcase!
pairs2 = (0..str2.length-2).collect {|i| str2[i,2]}.reject {
  |pair| pair.include? " "}
union = pairs1.size + pairs2.size
intersection = 0
pairs1.each do |p1|
  0.upto(pairs2.size-1) do |i|
    if p1 == pairs2[i]
      intersection += 1
      pairs2.slice!(i)
      break
    end
  end
end
(2.0 * intersection) / union

' LANGUAGE 'plruby';

就像一个魅力！

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