RewriteCond 以任意顺序匹配查询字符串参数

问题描述

我有一个可能包含三个参数的 URL:

I have a URL which may contain three parameters:

1. ?category=计算机
2. &subcategory=laptops
3. &product=dell-inspiron-15

我需要 301 将此 URL 重定向到其友好版本:

I need 301 redirect this URL to its friendly version:

http://store.example.com/computers/laptops/dell-inspiron-15/

我有这个，但如果查询字符串参数按任何其他顺序，则无法使其工作:

I have this but cannot make it to work if the query string parameters are in any other order:

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^category=(\w+)&subcategory=(\w+)&product=(\w+) [NC]
RewriteRule ^index\.php$ http://store.example.com/%1/%2/%3/? [R,L]

推荐答案

您可以通过多个步骤实现这一点，通过检测一个参数然后转发到下一步，然后重定向到最终目的地

You can achieve this with multiple steps, by detecting one parameter and then forwarding to the next step and then redirecting to the final destination

RewriteEngine On

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^category=([^&]+) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} &category=([^&]+) [NC]
RewriteRule ^index\.php$ $0/%1

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^subcategory=([^&]+) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} &subcategory=([^&]+) [NC]
RewriteRule ^index\.php/[^/]+$ $0/%1

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^product=([^&]+) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} &product=([^&]+) [NC]
RewriteRule ^index\.php/([^/]+/[^/]+)$ http://store.example.com/$1/%1/? [R,L]

为了避免 OR 和双重条件，您可以使用

---

To avoid the OR and double condition, you can use

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (?:^|&)category=([^&]+) [NC]

正如@TrueBlue 建议的那样.

as @TrueBlue suggested.

另一种方法是在 TestString QUERY_STRING 前面加上 & 符号 &，并始终检查

Another approach is to prefix the TestString QUERY_STRING with an ampersand &, and check always

RewriteCond &%{QUERY_STRING} &category=([^&]+) [NC]

这种技术(以TestString为前缀)还可用于将已经找到的参数传递到下一个RewriteCond.这让我们将三个规则简化为一个

---

This technique (prefixing the TestString) can also be used to carry forward already found parameters to the next RewriteCond. This lets us simplify the three rules to just one

RewriteCond &%{QUERY_STRING} &category=([^&]+) [NC]
RewriteCond %1!&%{QUERY_STRING} (.+)!.*&subcategory=([^&]+) [NC]
RewriteCond %1/%2!&%{QUERY_STRING} (.+)!.*&product=([^&]+) [NC]
RewriteRule ^index\.php$ http://store.example.com/%1/%2/? [R,L]

! 仅用于将已经找到并重新排序的参数与 QUERY_STRING 分开.

The ! is only used to separate the already found and reordered parameters from the QUERY_STRING.

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