在Spring中启动时执行方法

问题描述

当应用程序第一次启动时，是否有任何Spring 3功能可以执行某些方法？我知道我可以使用 @Scheduled 注释设置方法，并在启动后立即执行，但随后会定期执行。

Is there any Spring 3 feature to execute some methods when the application starts for the first time? I know that I can do the trick of setting a method with @Scheduled annotation and it executes just after the startup, but then it will execute periodically.

推荐答案

如果应用程序启动是指应用程序上下文启动，那么是的，有，最简单的（对于单身人士） bean，无论如何）用 @PostConstruct 来注释你的方法。看一下链接，看看其他选项，但总结一下：

If by "application startup" you mean "application context startup", then yes, there are many ways to do this, the easiest (for singletons beans, anyway) being to annotate your method with @PostConstruct. Take a look at the link to see the other options, but in summary they are:

• 用注释的方法@ PostConstruct


• afterPropertiesSet（）由 InitializingBean 回调接口


• 自定义配置的init（）方法

• Methods annotated with @PostConstruct
• afterPropertiesSet() as defined by the InitializingBean callback interface
• A custom configured init() method

从技术上讲，这些是挂钩到 bean 生命周期，而不是上下文生命周期，但在99％的情况下，两者是等价的。

Technically, these are hooks into the bean lifecycle, rather than the context lifecycle, but in 99% of cases, the two are equivalent.

如果你需要专门挂钩上下文启动/关闭，然后你可以，但这可能是不必要的。

If you need to hook specifically into the context startup/shutdown, then you can implement the Lifecycle interface instead, but that's probably unnecessary.

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