Zend Framework 2 教程:无法初始化模块(应用程序)

问题描述

我正在关注 2.1 版的 Zend Framework 2 官方教程.在 单元测试 部分，我应该在其中运行 phpunit模块/应用程序/测试我遇到了以下问题:

I am following the official Zend Framework 2 tutorial for version 2.1. In the Unit Testing section, where I am supposed to run phpunit in module/Application/test I am running into the following problem:

user@xubuntu1210:~/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/module/Application/test$ phpunit
PHPUnit 3.7.13 by Sebastian Bergmann.

Configuration read from /home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/module/Application/test/phpunit.xml.dist

E

Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.00Mb

There was 1 error:

1) ApplicationTest\Controller\IndexControllerTest::testIndexActionCanBeAccessed
Zend\ModuleManager\Exception\RuntimeException: Module (Application) could not be initialized.

/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/ModuleManager/ModuleManager.php:140
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/ModuleManager/ModuleManager.php:81
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/EventManager/EventManager.php:460
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/EventManager/EventManager.php:204
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/ModuleManager/ModuleManager.php:100
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/Mvc/Application.php:239
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/Test/PHPUnit/Controller/AbstractControllerTestCase.php:146
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/Test/PHPUnit/Controller/AbstractControllerTestCase.php:173
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/Test/PHPUnit/Controller/AbstractControllerTestCase.php:193
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/vendor/zendframework/zendframework/library/Zend/Test/PHPUnit/Controller/AbstractControllerTestCase.php:236
/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/module/Application/test/ApplicationTest/Controller/IndexControllerTest.php:20

FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 0, Errors: 1.

我从教程中复制了 IndexControllerTest.php 的内容.

I copied the contents of IndexControllerTest.php from the tutorial.

<?php

namespace ApplicationTest\Controller;

use Zend\Test\PHPUnit\Controller\AbstractHttpControllerTestCase;

class IndexControllerTest extends AbstractHttpControllerTestCase
{
    public function setUp()
    {
        $this->setApplicationConfig(
            include '/home/user/Desktop/zf2-tutorial/config/application.config.php'
        );
        parent::setUp();
    }

    public function testIndexActionCanBeAccessed()
    {
        $this->dispatch('/'); // this is line 20
        $this->assertResponseStatusCode(200);

        $this->assertModule('application');
        $this->assertControllerName('application_index');
        $this->assertControllerClass('IndexController');
        $this->assertMatchedRouteName('home');
    }
}

我不知道为什么应用程序不会初始化，我希望得到任何指点.

I have no clue why the application won't initialize and I would appreciate any pointers.

推荐答案

这是一个自动加载问题，可能与 config/application.config.php 中的 module_paths 选项有关code>(在本教程中，它是您在 /path/to/application/config/test/application.config.php 中的那个).

This is an autoloading problem that may be related with the module_paths option in config/application.config.php (in the tutorial, it's the one you have in /path/to/application/config/test/application.config.php).

那个 application.config.php 可能如下所示:

That application.config.php probably looks like following:

return array(
    'modules' => array(
        'Application',
        'Album',
    ),

    'module_listener_options' => array(
        'module_paths' => array(
            './module',
            './vendor',
        ),
    ),
);

要解决您的问题，请将值 ./module 更改为绝对路径，例如 __DIR__ .'/../module，假设 application.config.php 位于应用程序根目录的 config/ 中.

To fix your problem, change the value ./module into an absolute path, for example __DIR__ . '/../module, assuming the application.config.php is in config/ in your application's root dir.

澄清:出现问题是因为 ./module 是相对于您的 cwd 的路径.运行 phpunit 时，您的 cwd 位于测试目录中，其中(显然)没有任何 module 目录.

To clarify: the problem occurs because ./module is a path relative to your cwd. Your cwd when running phpunit is inside the test dir, where there isn't (obviously) any module dir.

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