问题描述
我有C code有关数组的数组[M] [N]
I have c code about array array[M][N]
int array[M][N];
array_index(int i, int j)
{
return array[i][j] + array[j][i];
}
在执行code结果到组件code如下：
When executed the code results into the assembly code as below:
array_index:
movl 4(%esp), %eax
movl 8(%esp), %edx
movl %eax, %ecx
sall $4, %ecx
addl %edx, %ecx
sall $4, %edx
addl %eax, %edx
movl array(,%ecx,4), %eax
addl array(,%edx,4), %eax
ret
怎能间preT的算法，以及如何获得M和N的信息？
How can we interpret the algorithm, and how to get the information of M and N?
推荐答案
我想你只是想了解大会code？
I suppose you just want to understand the assembly code?
好吧，首先，在C二维数组是通过在装配长度 M *ñ的一维数组psented重新$ P $。毕竟，内存寻址是线性在大多数的处理器架构。
Well, first of all, the two-dimensional array in C is represented by a one-dimensional array of length M * N in assembly. After all, memory addressing is linear in most processor architectures.
二维阵列的行被存储在存储器中的一个接一个。为了找到一个行 I ，你要跳过的 N I 行$ C>元素的每个（ N 是列数，换句话说，它是一个单行的长度），然后执行Ĵ更多的元素以达到正确的列。
The 'rows' of the two-dimensional array are stored in memory one after the other. To find a row i, you have to skip i rows of N elements each (N is the number of columns, in other words it is the length of a single row), then proceed j more elements to reach the correct column.
在公式：数组[I] [J] 对应数组[I * N + J] 中的一维数组重新presentation
In formula: array[i][j] corresponds to array[i * N + j] in the one-dimensional array representation.
计算我* N + J 是由这些指令执行的：
The calculation i * N + j is performed by these instructions:
movl %eax, %ecx
sall $4, %ecx
addl %edx, %ecx
Sall的是一个位移（横跨4比特），这相当于（略比更有效）用2 一个乘法= 16。
sall is a bitwise shift (across 4 bits), which is equivalent to (and slightly more efficient than) a multiplication with 2 = 16.
这意味着 N 16，虽然在理论上它可能是9和16个（包括两端）之间的任何东西，因为它是不寻常的编译器牺牲一些内存实现良好的对齐的内存地址。
This implies that N is 16, though in theory it might be anything between 9 and 16 (both inclusive), since it is not uncommon for compilers to sacrifice some memory to achieve nicely aligned memory addresses.
至于 M ，也没有办法得出从code。这是典型的由C编译器生成的汇编code;边界检查是不是原生的事情。
As for M, there is no way to derive that from the code. This is typical for assembly code generated by a C compiler; bounds checking is not a native thing.
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