拆分一列串联的逗号分隔数据并将输出重新编码为因子

问题描述

我正在尝试清理一些输入错误的数据.变量的问题允许从五个选项中选择多个答案，编号为 1 到 5. 数据已按以下方式输入(这只是一个示例——实际数据中有更多的变量和更多的观察值框架):

I am trying to clean up some data that has been incorrectly entered. The question for the variable allows for multiple responses out of five choices, numbered as 1 to 5. The data has been entered in the following manner (this is just an example--there are many more variables and many more observations in the actual data frame):

data
          V1
1    1, 2, 3
2    1, 2, 4
3 2, 3, 4, 5
4    1, 3, 4
5    1, 3, 5
6 2, 3, 4, 5

以下是重新创建示例数据的一些代码:

Here's some code to recreate that example data:

data = data.frame(V1 = c("1, 2, 3", "1, 2, 4", "2, 3, 4, 5",
                         "1, 3, 4", "1, 3, 5", "2, 3, 4, 5"))

我真正需要的是要处理更多的数据......二进制——就像一组是/否"问题——输入到一个看起来更像的数据框中:

What I actually need is the data to be treated more... binary--like a set of "yes/no" questions--entered in a data frame that looks more like:

data
    V1.1  V1.2  V1.3  V1.4  V1.5
1      1     1     1    NA    NA
2      1     1    NA     1    NA
3     NA     1     1     1     1
4      1    NA     1     1    NA
5      1    NA     1    NA     1
6     NA     1     1     1     1

目前实际的变量名称并不重要——我可以轻松解决这个问题.此外，缺失的元素是O"、NA"还是空白也没有太大关系——同样，这是我以后可以修复的.

The actual variable names don't matter at the moment--I can easily fix that. Also, it doesn't matter too much whether the missing elements are "O", "NA", or blank--again, that's something I can fix later.

我已经尝试使用 reshape 包中的 transform 函数以及 strsplit 的不同内容，但我不能要么去做我正在寻找的事情.我还查看了有关 Stackoverflow 的许多其他相关问题，但它们似乎不是完全相同的问题.

I've tried using the transform function from the reshape package as well as a fed different things with strsplit, but I can't get either to do what I am looking for.I've also looked at many other related questions on Stackoverflow, but they don't seem to be quite the same problem.

推荐答案

您只需要编写一个函数并使用apply.首先是一些虚拟数据:

You just need to write a function and use apply. First some dummy data:

##Make sure you're not using factors
dd = data.frame(V1 = c("1, 2, 3", "1, 2, 4", "2, 3, 4, 5",
                         "1, 3, 4", "1, 3, 5", "2, 3, 4, 5"),
                     stringsAsFactors=FALSE)

接下来，创建一个接受一行并根据需要进行转换的函数

Next, create a function that takes in a row and transforms as necessary

make_row = function(i, ncol=5) {
  ##Could make the default NA if needed
  m = numeric(ncol)
  v = as.numeric(strsplit(i, ",")[[1]])
  m[v] = 1
  return(m)
}

然后使用apply转置结果

t(apply(dd, 1, make_row))

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