如何在Django中将数据呈现到{％included a.html％}模板

问题描述

我有一个rank.html，它是通过 {％include rank.html％} 方法公开的许多其他模板的模板。

I have a rank.html which is a publicly sharing template for many other templates through {% include rank.html %} method.

此模板将基于点击次数显示48小时热门新闻。

This template will display the 48 hours hot news base on the click number.

这里是view.py：

Here is the view.py:

def rank(self, request):
    hot_news_48h = h_mostViewed(48, News, '-pv')

   return render(request, "rank.html", {
        'hot_news_48h': hot_news_48h,})

h_mostViewed（48，News，'-pv'）是一个函数，可以在48小时内获取大多数观看（点击）的帖子。

h_mostViewed(48, News, '-pv') is a function,that can fetch most viewed(clicked) post within 48 hours.It works.

这是rank.html：

Here is the rank.html:

<ul>
    {% for hot_view in hot_news_48h %}
 <li>
    <a href="{% url 'news:news_detail' hot_view.pk %}" >
      <img src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ hot_view.image }}" >
    </a>

    <a href="{% url 'news:news_detail' hot_view.pk %}">
      <h6>{{ hot_view.title }}</h6>
     </a>
</div>
</li>
  {% endfor %}
</ul>

这是url.py：

path('hot_news', views.rank, name="hot_news")

问题是，我只能获取html，但无法接收数据。

The problem is,I can only get the html ,but can't receive the data.

但是如果我放弃{％include将rank.html的代码直接插入每个需要此功能的模板中，即可获取数据。
以new_detail.html模板为例：

这是view.py：

def newsDetailView(request, news_pk):
    news = get_object_or_404(News, id=news_pk)
    all_comments = NewsComments.objects.filter(news=news)
    news.comment_nums = all_comments.count()
    news.save()
    News.objects.filter(id=news_pk).update(pv=F('pv') + 1)

    hot_news_48h = h_mostViewed(48, News, '-pv')

    relative_news = News.objects.filter(tag__id__in=news.tag.all()).exclude(id=news_pk)[:6]

    return render(request, "news_detail.html", {
        'news': news,
        'all_comments': all_comments,
        'hot_news_48h': hot_news_48h,

        'relative_news': relative_news
    })

这是urls.py：

path('-<int:news_pk>', views.newsDetailView, name="news_detail"),

S在上面，我直接将rank.html的代码插入到new_detail.html中，它可以正常工作，我可以获取数据。

So above,I directly inserted rank.html's code into new_detail.html and it works I can get the data.

我的问题是我应该怎么做或纠正，以便我可以通过{％include rank.html％}方法获取数据。由于{％include rank.html％}简单灵活，我不想在几个相同的模板中重复相同的代码。

My question is what should I do or correct,so that I can get the data in {% include rank.html %} method. Because {% include rank.html %} is simple and flexible.I don't want to repeat the same code in several same template.

非常感谢您的耐心！

推荐答案

此：
-在应用程序中创建一个文件夹 templatetags，并添加文件 news_tags.py或将其命名为您想要的名称。然后可以定义所需的标签：

How about this:- Create a folder "templatetags" in your application and add a file "news_tags.py" or name it what you want. Then you can define the tags you need:

from django.template import Library
from your_app.models import your_model

register = Library()

@register.inclusion_tag('your_app/your_template.html')
def hot_news(num, order):
    objects = News.objects.order_by(order)[:num]

    result['objects'] = objects

    return result

在您的模板中，然后执行以下操作：

In your templates you then do the following:

{% load news_tags %}
{% hot_news 48 '-pv' %}

然后像您已经创建的那样创建一个模板，并在包含标记中引用它。然后它应该可以正常工作。

Then create a template as your already did and reference it in the inclusion tag. Then it should work properly.

如果您希望它适用于多种模型，可以查看以下内容：
应用程序框架允许您从字符串中获取模型输入。

If you want it to work for multiple models you can have a look at this: https://docs.djangoproject.com/el/2.1/ref/applications/The apps framework allows you to fetch models from a string input.

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