通常，放弃对文件的更改可以做到：
git checkout - < file>
如果我想放弃的更改会删除文件，该怎么办？上面的行会给出错误：
错误：pathspec'< file>'与任何已知的文件都不匹配去玩。
什么命令会恢复单个文件而不撤消其他更改？
加分：另外，如果我想放弃的更改是添加文件，该怎么办？我想知道如何取消这种变化。 解决方案
假设你想撤销'git rm'或'rm'后跟'git add -A'或类似的名称：
＃这将恢复文件状态index
git reset - < file>
＃然后从索引
签出一份副本git checkout - < file>
要撤消'git add'，假设你还没有提交，上面的第一行就足够了。
Usually, to discard changes to a file you would do:
git checkout -- <file>
What if the change I want to discard is deleting the file? The above line would give an error:
error: pathspec '<file>' did not match any file(s) known to git.
What command will restore that single file without undoing other changes?
bonus point: Also, what if the change I want to discard is adding a file? I would like to know how to unstage that change as well.
Assuming you're wanting to undo the effects of 'git rm ' or 'rm ' followed by 'git add -A' or something similar:
# this restores the file status in the index
git reset -- <file>
# then check out a copy from the index
git checkout -- <file>
To undo 'git add ', the first line above suffices, assuming you haven't committed yet.
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