在C ++中使用cin.get（）丢弃输入流中不需要的字符

问题描述

我正在为我的C ++类分配作业。给出以下代码。指导说明输入六个字符串并观察结果。当我这样做时，第二个用户提示就会通过，程序结束。我可以肯定的原因是，第一个cin.getline（）在输入流中留下了多余的字符，这使第二个cin.getline（）发生混乱。我将使用cin.get，循环或同时使用两者，以防止多余的字符串字符干扰第二个cin.getline（）函数。

I am working on an assignment for my C++ class. The following code is given. The directions explain to enter a six character string and observe the results. When I do this, the second user prompt is passed over and the program ends. I am pretty certain the reason for this is that the first cin.getline() is leaving the extra character(s) in the input stream which is messing up the second cin.getline() occurrence. I am to use cin.get, a loop, or both to prevent the extra string characters from interfering with the second cin.getline() function.

有什么提示吗？

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
   char buffer[6];
   cout << "Enter five character string: ";
   cin.getline(buffer, 6);
   cout << endl << endl;
   cout << "The string you entered was " << buffer << endl;
   cout << "Enter another five character string: ";
   cin.getline(buffer, 6);
   cout << endl << endl;
   cout << "The string you entered was " << buffer << endl;
   return 0;
}

推荐答案

您是对的。换行符在第一次输入后保留在输入缓冲区中。

You are right. The newline character stays in the input buffer after the first input.

在第一次读取后尝试插入：

After the first read try to insert:

cin.ignore(); // to ignore the newline character

或更妙的是：

//discards all input in the standard input stream up to and including the first newline.
cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');

您将必须 #include< limits>

You will have to #include <limits> header for this.

编辑：
尽管使用std :: string会更好，但修改后的代码可以工作：

Although using std::string would be much better, following modified code works:

#include <iostream>
#include <limits>

using namespace std;
int main()
{
   char buffer[6];
   cout << "Enter five character string: ";
   for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
      cin.get(buffer[i]);
   buffer[5] = '\0';
   cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');

   cout << endl << endl;
   cout << "The string you entered was " << buffer << endl;

   cout << "Enter another five character string: ";
   for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
      cin.get(buffer[i]);
   buffer[5] = '\0';
   cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');

   cout << endl << endl;
   cout << "The string you entered was " << buffer << endl;
   return 0;
}

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