问题描述
我在一个创建 argparse
的模块中有一个函数:
I have a function inside a module that creates an argparse
:
def get_options(prog_version='1.0', prog_usage='', misc_opts=None):
options = [] if misc_opts is None else misc_opts
parser = ArgumentParser(usage=prog_usage) if prog_usage else ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('-v', '--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s {}'.format(prog_version))
parser.add_argument('-c', '--config', dest='config', required=True, help='the path to the configuration file')
for option in options:
if 'option' in option and 'destination' in option:
parser.add_argument(option['option'],
dest=option.get('destination', ''),
default=option.get('default', ''),
help=option.get('description', ''),
action=option.get('action', 'store'))
return parser.parse_args()
示例 myapp.py
将是:
my_options = [
{
"option": "-s",
"destination": "remote_host",
"default": "127.0.0.1",
"description": "The remote server name or IP address",
"action": "store"
},
]
# Get Command Line Options
options = get_options(misc_opts=my_options)
print options.config
print options.remote_host
这将被称为:
$> python myapp.py -c config.yaml
$> config.yaml
127.0.0.1
现在,我正在尝试为此函数创建单元测试,但我的问题是我无法通过测试代码传递命令行参数.
Now, I am trying to create a unit test for this function but my problem is that I can't pass command line parameters via test code.
# mytest.py
import unittest
from mymodule import get_options
class argParseTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_parser(self):
options = get_options()
# ...pass the command line arguments...
self.assertEquals('config.yaml', options.config) # ofcourse this fails because I don't know how I will pass the command line arguments
我的问题是我需要将命令行参数传递给 get_options()
但我不知道如何正确执行.
My problem is that I need to pass the command line arguments to get_options()
but I don't know how to do it properly.
预期的正确调用:python mytest.py
(-c config.yaml
应该以某种方式在测试代码中传递.)
Expected proper call: python mytest.py
(-c config.yaml
should be passed inside the test code somehow.)
什么是工作"/现在不工作:
What is "working"/not working right now:
python mytest.py -c config.yaml
也不起作用.返回AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'config'
因为它希望我调用argParseTestCase
代替.换句话说,python mytest.py -c argParseTestCase
有效"但当然会返回AssertionError: 'config.yaml' !='argParseTestCase'
python mytest.py -v
在详细模式下运行单元测试也失败.它返回:
python mytest.py -c config.yaml
is also not working. ReturnsAttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'config'
since it expects me to callargParseTestCase
instead. In other words,python mytest.py -c argParseTestCase
"works" but would ofcourse be an returnAssertionError: 'config.yaml' != 'argParseTestCase'
python mytest.py -v
to run the unit test in verbose mode also fails. It returns:
test_parser (main.argParseTestCase) ... mytest.py 1.0 错误错误:test_parser (main.argParseTestCase)
回溯(最近一次调用最后一次):文件tests/unit_tests/mytest.py",第 376 行,在 test_parser options = get_options()文件/root/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mymodule.py",第 61 行,在 get_options 中返回 parser.parse_args()
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.7/argparse.py",第1701行,在parse_args args中,argv = self.parse_known_args(args, namespace)
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.7/argparse.py",第 1733 行,在 parse_known_args 命名空间中,args = self._parse_known_args(args, namespace)
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.7/argparse.py",第 1939 行,在 _parse_known_args start_index = consumer_optional(start_index)
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.7/argparse.py",第1879行,在consume_optional take_action(action, args, option_string)
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.7/argparse.py",第 1807 行,在 take_action 操作中(self、namespace、argument_values、option_string)
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.7/argparse.py",第 1022 行,在 call parser.exit(message=formatter.format_help())
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.7/argparse.py",第 2362 行,在 exit _sys.exit(status) 中系统退出:0
推荐答案
我更喜欢显式传递参数,而不是依赖全局可用的属性,例如 sys.argv
(其中 parser.parse_args()
在内部执行).因此,我通常通过自己传递参数列表来使用 argparse
(到 main()
和随后的 get_options()
以及您需要它们的任何地方):
I prefer explicitly passing arguments instead of relying on globally available attributes such as sys.argv
(which parser.parse_args()
does internally). Thus I usually use argparse
by passing the list of arguments myself (to main()
and subsequently get_options()
and wherever you need them):
def get_options(args, prog_version='1.0', prog_usage='', misc_opts=None):
# ...
return parser.parse_args(args)
然后传入参数
def main(args):
get_options(args)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main(sys.argv[1:])
这样我就可以替换和测试我喜欢的任何参数列表
that way I can replace and test any list of arguments I like
options = get_options(['-c','config.yaml'])
self.assertEquals('config.yaml', options.config)
这篇关于argparse的python单元测试的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持!