macOS：是否检测所有应用程序启动，包括后台应用程序？

问题描述

新手在这里。我正在尝试为应用程序启动创建一个小型侦听器，并且我已经有了：

Newbie here. I'm trying to create a small listener for application launches, and I already have this:

// almon.m

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
#import <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>

@interface almon: NSObject {}
-(id) init;
-(void) launchedApp: (NSNotification*) notification;
@end

@implementation almon
-(id) init {
  NSNotificationCenter * notify
    = [[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] notificationCenter];

  [notify addObserver: self
          selector:    @selector(launchedApp:)
          name:        @"NSWorkspaceWillLaunchApplicationNotification"
          object:      nil
  ];
  fprintf(stderr,"Listening...\n");
  [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
  fprintf(stderr,"Stopping...\n");
  return self;
}

-(void) launchedApp: (NSNotification*) notification {
  NSDictionary *userInfo = [notification userInfo]; // read full application launch info
  NSString* AppPID = [userInfo objectForKey:@"NSApplicationProcessIdentifier"]; // parse for AppPID
  int killPID = [AppPID intValue]; // define integer from NSString
  kill((killPID), SIGSTOP); // interrupt app launch
  NSString* AppPath = [userInfo objectForKey:@"NSApplicationPath"]; // read application path
  NSString* AppBundleID = [userInfo objectForKey:@"NSApplicationBundleIdentifier"]; // read BundleID
  NSString* AppName = [userInfo objectForKey:@"NSApplicationName"]; // read AppName
  NSLog(@":::%@:::%@:::%@:::%@", AppPID, AppPath, AppBundleID, AppName);
}
@end

int main( int argc, char ** argv) {
  [[almon alloc] init];
  return 0;
}
// build: gcc -Wall almon.m -o almon -lobjc -framework Cocoa
// run: ./almon

注意：当我构建它时，它将运行良好，但是如果在High Sierra上使用Xcode 10进行操作，则将获得 ld 警告，但是您可以忽略它。

Note: when I build it, it will run fine, but if you do it with Xcode 10 on High Sierra, you will get ld warnings, which you can ignore, however.

我的问题：有没有办法检测到启动后台应用程序，例如粘度等菜单栏应用程序？苹果公司表示

My question: Is there a way to also detect a launch of a background application, e.g. a menu bar application like Viscosity etc.? Apple says that

此处：

我至少会尝试向侦听器添加对后台应用程序等的支持，但是我不知道该怎么做。有任何想法吗？

I would at least try to add support for background apps etc. to the listener, but I don't know how to go about it. Any ideas?

推荐答案

如文档所示，您可以使用键值观察来观察 runningApplications 属性：

As the document suggests, you use Key-Value Observing to observe the runningApplications property of the shared workspace object:

static const void *kMyKVOContext = (void*)&kMyKVOContext;


[[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] addObserver:self
                                forKeyPath:@"runningApplications"
                                   options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew // maybe | NSKeyValueObservingOptionInitial
                                   context:kMyKVOContext];

然后，您将实现观察方法（使用Xcode的现成代码段）：

Then, you would implement the observation method (using Xcode's ready-made snippet):

- (void) observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString*)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary*)change context:(void*)context
{
    if (context != kMyKVOContext)
    {
        [super observeValueForKeyPath:keyPath ofObject:object change:change context:context];
        return;
    }

    if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"runningApplications"])
    {
        <#code to be executed when runningApplications has changed#>
    }
}

这篇关于macOS：是否检测所有应用程序启动，包括后台应用程序？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！