背景

一、配置华为云yum源

1.1 配置华为云yum源。

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-aarch64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
        http://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

1.2 刷新yum缓存。

yum makecache

二、安装配置K8S

主节点和计算节点都需要安装配置K8s。

2.1 安装Docker

2.1.1 安装yum-utils软件包并设置稳定的存储库。

yum install -y yum-utils
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

2.1.2 安装特定版本Docker

要安装特定版本的Docker Engine,可以先通过命名查看存储库,列出可用版本,然后选择并安装:

yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
yum list docker-ce-cli --showduplicates | sort -r

然后根据版本号安装(本文选择),例如:

yum install docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7 docker-ce-cli-18.09.9-3.el7 containerd.io

也可以安装最新版,例如直接使用方式,本文选择的不是最新版本,安装的是指定版本18.09

yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

2.1.3 安装完成启动

systemctl start docker

2.1.4 通过docker version查看版本

ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

2.1.5 设置docker开机启动

systemctl enable docker

2.2 安装基础组件

2.2.1 启用NET.BRIDGE.BRIDGE-NF-CALL-IPTABLES内核选项。

sysctl -w net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1

2.2.2 禁用交换分区。

swapoff -a
cp -p /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
sed -i "s/\/dev\/mapper\/centos-swap/\#\/dev\/mapper\/centos-swap/g" /etc/fstab

2.2.3 安装K8s组件。

yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl kubernetes-cni

2.2.4 查看安装情况。

rpm -qa | grep kubelet
rpm -qa | grep kubeadm
rpm -qa | grep kubectl
rpm -qa | grep kubernetes-cni

例如看到如下内容代表安装成功

[root@master aarch64]# rpm -qa | grep kubelet
kubelet-1.14.2-0.aarch64
[root@master aarch64]# rpm -qa | grep kubeadm
kubeadm-1.14.2-0.aarch64
[root@master aarch64]# rpm -qa | grep kubectl
kubectl-1.14.2-0.aarch64
[root@master aarch64]# rpm -qa | grep kubernetes-cn
kubernetes-cni-0.7.5-0.aarch64

2.2.5 设置iptables。

echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1" > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

2.2.6 开机启动kubelet服务。

systemctl enable kubelet

2.3 通过Docker下载其它组件

2.3.1 查看下载节点初始化所需镜像。

kubeadm config images list
[root@master aarch64]# kubeadm config images list
I1208 09:21:05.327540    2544 version.go:96] could not fetch a Kubernetes version from the internet: unable to get URL "https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable-1.txt": Get https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable-1.txt: net/http: request canceled (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers)
I1208 09:21:05.327591    2544 version.go:97] falling back to the local client version: v1.14.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.14.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.14.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.14.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.14.2
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.10
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1

2.3.2 从DockerHub上下载镜像(速度有点慢)

命令如下所示

docker pull docker.io/mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-arm64:v1.14.2
docker pull docker.io/mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-arm64:v1.14.2
docker pull docker.io/mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-arm64:v1.14.2
docker pull docker.io/mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-arm64:v1.14.2
docker pull docker.io/mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-arm64:3.1
docker pull docker.io/mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-arm64:3.3.10
docker pull docker.io/coredns/coredns:1.3.1

下载完成后可以查看本地镜像

[root@master aarch64]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                             TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-arm64                v1.14.2             5227f1c3c8a7        19 months ago       82.7MB
mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-arm64            v1.14.2             091f78b1b081        19 months ago       207MB
mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-arm64   v1.14.2             e0fa3d206e49        19 months ago       155MB
mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-arm64            v1.14.2             485238b2c4a5        19 months ago       82.2MB
coredns/coredns                                        1.3.1               7e8edeee9a1e        23 months ago       37.4MB
mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-arm64                      3.3.10              ad99d3ead043        2 years ago         300MB
mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-arm64                     3.1                 6cf7c80fe444        2 years ago         525kB

ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

2.3.3 修改已下载的镜像标签。

docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-arm64:v1.14.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.14.2
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-arm64:v1.14.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.14.2
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-arm64:v1.14.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.14.2
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-arm64:v1.14.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.14.2
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-arm64:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-arm64:3.3.10 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.10
docker tag coredns/coredns:1.3.1 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1

2.3.4 查看K8s的Docker镜像组件

docker images | grep k8s
[root@master aarch64]# docker images | grep k8s
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver                              v1.14.2             091f78b1b081        19 months ago       207MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager                     v1.14.2             e0fa3d206e49        19 months ago       155MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler                              v1.14.2             485238b2c4a5        19 months ago       82.2MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy                                  v1.14.2             5227f1c3c8a7        19 months ago       82.7MB
k8s.gcr.io/coredns                                     1.3.1               7e8edeee9a1e        23 months ago       37.4MB
k8s.gcr.io/etcd                                        3.3.10              ad99d3ead043        2 years ago         300MB
k8s.gcr.io/pause                                       3.1                 6cf7c80fe444        2 years ago         525kB

2.3.5 删除旧镜像。

命令如下所示

docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-arm64:v1.14.2
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-arm64:v1.14.2
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-arm64:v1.14.2
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-arm64:v1.14.2
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-arm64:3.1
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-arm64:3.3.10
docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.3.1

删除后再次查看本地镜像

[root@master aarch64]# docker images
REPOSITORY                           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler            v1.14.2             485238b2c4a5        19 months ago       82.2MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy                v1.14.2             5227f1c3c8a7        19 months ago       82.7MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver            v1.14.2             091f78b1b081        19 months ago       207MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager   v1.14.2             e0fa3d206e49        19 months ago       155MB
k8s.gcr.io/coredns                   1.3.1               7e8edeee9a1e        23 months ago       37.4MB
k8s.gcr.io/etcd                      3.3.10              ad99d3ead043        2 years ago         300MB
k8s.gcr.io/pause                     3.1                 6cf7c80fe444        2 years ago         525kB

三、部署K8S集群

3.1 配置hosts文件

主节点和计算节点都需要配置hosts文件。
执行vi /etc/hosts命令,修改hosts文件,添加集群所有节点的ip及hostname信息。

192.168.0.113  master master
192.168.0.226  node1 node1

每台节点的/etc/hosts文件都要修改。

3.2 配置主节点(master)

3.2.1 在主节点上执行集群初始化命令

kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.14.2  --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

当看到如下信息时代表初始化成功

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.0.113:6443 --token all7y6.hxs2yemaucku9dct \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7e1b11d2715fd87d8aeec9a1924c87b68d36da35392ccee57b0581993dfeb821

黄框信息表示主节点配置集群需要执行的命令,红框信息表示计算节点加入集群的token命令,请保存该段命令。
ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

3.2.2 配置集群

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

3.2.3 在主节点查看集群节点信息。

kubectl get node
[root@master aarch64]# kubectl get nodes
NAME     STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
master   NotReady   master   97s   v1.14.2

3.2.4 保存主节点生成的加入集群信息。

该信息在成功初始化主节点后生成并打印,集群信息如下所示:

kubeadm join 192.168.0.113:6443 --token all7y6.hxs2yemaucku9dct \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7e1b11d2715fd87d8aeec9a1924c87b68d36da35392ccee57b0581993dfeb821

3.3 配置计算点(node1)

3.3.1 计算节点加入集群

计算节点执行

kubeadm join 192.168.0.113:6443 --token all7y6.hxs2yemaucku9dct \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7e1b11d2715fd87d8aeec9a1924c87b68d36da35392ccee57b0581993dfeb821

ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

3.3.2 等待1分钟后,在主节点(master)执行kubectl get nodes

[root@master opt]# kubectl get nodes
NAME     STATUS     ROLES    AGE    VERSION
master   Ready      master   3h7m   v1.14.2
node1    NotReady   <none>   83s    v1.14.2

3.3.3 在主节点和计算节点上查看kubelet服务状态

systemctl status kubelet

主节点
ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

子节点
ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

3.4 添加Flannel网络插件

3.4.1 在主节点上执行如下命令安装Flannel网络插件。

当前版本1.14版本执行(如果无法下载,可以查看网盘附件进行本地化安装,下载地址:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1L1epcWiEI7v2C4bHo2nx3Q 提取码:1fsh)

kubectl apply -f https://gitee.com/mirrors/flannel/blob/master/Documentation/kube-flannel-old.yaml

注意:对于 Kubernetes 版本 v1.17+

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

3.4.2 安装完成后,执行kubectl get pod -n kube-system,看到kube-flannel正常运行即可

[root@master opt]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-fb8b8dccf-sgzqj          1/1     Running   0          38m
coredns-fb8b8dccf-xpx5x          1/1     Running   0          38m
etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          37m
kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          37m
kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          37m
kube-flannel-ds-arm64-wxc6f      1/1     Running   0          98s
kube-proxy-tzb4r                 1/1     Running   0          38m
kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          37m

这样我们K8S集群就搭建完成了。

四、(选配)安装Kubernetes Dashboard插件

主节点上操作即可

4.1 用openssl生成自签证书(有第三方证书可跳过)

生成证书请求的key

openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048

生成证书请求

openssl req -new -out dashboard.csr -key dashboard.key -subj '/CN=<your_ip>'

<your_ip>换成自己的ip或域名。

生成自签证书

openssl x509 -days 3650 -req -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt

这里指定了过期时间3650天,默认365天

4.2 部署Dashboard插件

4.2.1 创建部署kubernetes-dashboard的yaml文件

(文件下载地址:链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1L1epcWiEI7v2C4bHo2nx3Q 提取码:1fsh)

4.2.2 部署kubernetes-dashboard

kubectl apply -f /opt/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

4.2.3 部署完成后还是不能访问,因为yaml文件中注释掉了kubernetes-dashboard-certs,相关的pod没跑起来,所以此时应创建certs

kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=/opt/dashboard.key --from-file=/opt/dashboard.crt -n kubernetes-dashboard

4.2.4 如果失败检查方式

一般经过以上步骤就可以访问dashboard,可以跳过这一步了,但如果此时仍不能访问,pod不是处于"running"状态,可以删除kubenetes-dashboard相关的pod,让kubelet自动生成一个新的可运行的pod
查看kubernetes-dashboard的pod名

kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard

删除该pod:

kubectl delete pod -n kubernetes-dashboard <pod名>

正确结果

[root@master /]# kubectl get  pod -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-57c8667f5c-92fls   1/1     Running   0          5h9m
kubernetes-dashboard-69d48fd659-bw7zb        1/1     Running   0          5h9m

4.3 创建访问用户,用于访问dashboard的Service Account

kubectl create serviceaccount admin-user -n kubernetes-dashboard

4.4 为用户绑定角色,创建ClusterRoleBinding

kubectl create clusterrolebinding admin-user --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:admin-user

4.5 获取登录密钥

kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')

复制生成的token值即可

[root@master opt]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name:         admin-user-token-64tjt
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: c882f015-39ca-11eb-9396-fa163ec97a54

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1025 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.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.nK8gspJ8DAMzrOesHC-CGvjaYKAtahUCB9L1eQTbaeCXv-8ZT-8HVBzzCTk20XnAG30yPwOD80x_MBCksSgaw7QkImNlZVcNM3JXmaNvxFTObeg9aY_Lgdbs7r4hfAMKZd2wi1G3BaNbfAWnWxlecbOXTMYBL5PI6h5oJSuR6Fgm0IEdRT6diI_uaoan-Mqmvm_VKvj6tMl1xTqczTgnp0Hv5kwJvT0lOYx13nhjix-hfo0B2UaSGDnLcyFLrzAIOfKuAlFQMwcJndgs7hz_x7CM-UpfOvCg4oVrWkHAlspOfxRVflHXjfexUGnjGq2Rywph5h4godbTPwhLwJ4tcg


4.6 登录验证

访问我们master地址,通过浏览器访问https://IP:31234,点击继续访问
ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

输入token值
ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

即可看到kubernetes-dashboard UI界面
ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

如果无法访问,可以通过以下方式查看pod状态

[root@master opt]# kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                               TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
admin-user-token-zqdnf             kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      3h4m
default-token-v7v95                kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      3h9m
kubernetes-dashboard-certs         Opaque                                2      3h8m
kubernetes-dashboard-csrf          Opaque                                1      3h9m
kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder    Opaque                                2      3h9m
kubernetes-dashboard-token-47xg5   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      3h9m

UI查看节点信息
ARM架构安装Kubernetes集群-LMLPHP

五、卸载K8S组件

注意:
下列步骤仅仅指导用户如何手动卸载K8s组件,请勿在正常的部署过程中执行。

清空K8s集群设置。
在卸载K8s组件前,先执行kubeadm reset命令,清空K8s集群设置。

卸载管理组件。

yum erase -y kubelet kubectl kubeadm kubernetes-cni

删除基础组件镜像。
基础组件通过Docker镜像部署,因此只需要强制删除对应镜像即可卸载。

docker rmi -f k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.15.1

docker rmi -f k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.1

docker rmi -f k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.15.1

docker rmi -f k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.15.1

docker rmi -f k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1

docker rmi -f k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.10

docker rmi -f k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1

(转发请注明出处:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangyongli2011/ 如发现有错,请留言,谢谢)

12-10 02:22