获取未知的维数从Java中的多维数组

问题描述

是否有可能在Java中找到一个数组的维数与先验未知的维数？也就是说，如果一个人不知道一个多维矩阵，怎么可能被检索的维数，如果可能的话？

解决方案

I'm not quiet sure if I understood correctly what you are trying to accomplish. If you just want to know how many elements are there in array, Anubian's answer is correct. But what I understood is that you want to calculate number of dimensions of a given general array.

public class Test {
    public static int getNumberOfDimensions(Class<?> type) {
        if (type.getComponentType() == null) {
            return 0;
        } else {
            return getNumberOfDimensions(type.getComponentType()) + 1;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(getNumberOfDimensions(int[][][].class)   == 3);
        System.out.println(getNumberOfDimensions(int[][].class)     == 2);
        System.out.println(getNumberOfDimensions(int[][][][].class) == 4);
        System.out.println(getNumberOfDimensions(int.class)         == 0);
    }
}

If that's not what are you looking for, I'd have a hint: there is a difference between a length and dimension.

---

Update: I think this is completely irrelevant to what we were asked, but Nicola asked me in the comments:

The solution lies in some light reflection-based hacking:

import java.lang.reflect.Array;

public class Test {
    public static Class<?> getArrayType(Class<?> componentType, int dimensions) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        if (dimensions == 0) {
            return componentType;
        }

        String rawName = componentType.getName();
        switch (rawName) {
            case "byte":    rawName = "B"; break;
            case "char":    rawName = "C"; break;
            case "double":  rawName = "D"; break;
            case "float":   rawName = "F"; break;
            case "int":     rawName = "I"; break;
            case "long":    rawName = "J"; break;
            case "short":   rawName = "S"; break;
            case "boolean": rawName = "Z"; break;
            default:
                rawName = "L" + rawName + ";";
                break;
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < dimensions; i++) {
            rawName = "[" + rawName;
        }

        return Class.forName(rawName);
    }

    public static Object createArray(Class<?> componentType, int dimensions, int length) throws NegativeArraySizeException, ClassNotFoundException {
        if (dimensions == 0) {
            return null;
        }

        Object array = Array.newInstance(getArrayType(componentType, dimensions - 1), length);

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            Array.set(array, i, createArray(componentType, dimensions - 1, length));
        }

        return array;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        Object object = createArray(Integer.class, 3, 10);
        System.out.println(object.getClass());
    }
}

The trick is to construct a Class for N-dimensional array using a given component type. We can do that if we know how class names are stored on the lowest level. Rest of the code is just a simple not-interesting recursion.

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