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问题描述
我正在尝试使用以下代码使用 python 3.5 从 url 获取数据
I am trying to fetch data from an url using python 3.5 using the following code
import requests
url ='http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/einfo.fcgi'
r = requests.get(url)
r.content
该网址可以在浏览器中正常打开.
The url can be opened with no problems in the browser.
但是，我收到如下错误(对于此 URL 和我尝试的任何其他 URL):
However, I am getting an error (for this URL and any other URL I try) as follows:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3connectionpool.py in _make_request(self, conn, method, url, timeout, **httplib_request_kw)
375 try: # Python 2.7, use buffering of HTTP responses
--> 376 httplib_response = conn.getresponse(buffering=True)
377 except TypeError: # Python 2.6 and older
TypeError: getresponse() got an unexpected keyword argument 'buffering'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
RemoteDisconnected Traceback (most recent call last)
C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3connectionpool.py
in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, **response_kw)
558 timeout=timeout_obj,
--> 559 body=body, headers=headers)
560
C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3connectionpool.py
in _make_request(self, conn, method, url, timeout,
**httplib_request_kw)
377 except TypeError: # Python 2.6 and older
--> 378 httplib_response = conn.getresponse()
379 except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError, SocketError) as e:
C:Anaconda3libhttpclient.py in getresponse(self) 1173
try:
-> 1174 response.begin() 1175 except ConnectionError:
C:Anaconda3libhttpclient.py in begin(self)
281 while True:
--> 282 version, status, reason = self._read_status()
283 if status != CONTINUE:
>
> C:Anaconda3libhttpclient.py in _read_status(self)
> 250 # sending a valid response.
> --> 251 raise RemoteDisconnected("Remote end closed connection without"
> 252 " response")
>
> RemoteDisconnected: Remote end closed connection without response
>
> During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
>
> ProtocolError Traceback (most recent call
> last) C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestsadapters.py in
> send(self, request, stream, timeout, verify, cert, proxies)
> 369 retries=self.max_retries,
> --> 370 timeout=timeout
> 371 )
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3connectionpool.py
> in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect,
> assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, **response_kw)
> 608 retries = retries.increment(method, url, error=e, _pool=self,
> --> 609 _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
> 610 retries.sleep()
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3util
etry.py
> in increment(self, method, url, response, error, _pool, _stacktrace)
> 244 if read is False:
> --> 245 raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
> 246 elif read is not None:
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3packagessix.py
> in reraise(tp, value, tb)
> 308 if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
> --> 309 raise value.with_traceback(tb)
> 310 raise value
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3connectionpool.py
> in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect,
> assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, **response_kw)
> 558 timeout=timeout_obj,
> --> 559 body=body, headers=headers)
> 560
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestspackagesurllib3connectionpool.py
> in _make_request(self, conn, method, url, timeout,
> **httplib_request_kw)
> 377 except TypeError: # Python 2.6 and older
> --> 378 httplib_response = conn.getresponse()
> 379 except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError, SocketError) as e:
>
> C:Anaconda3libhttpclient.py in getresponse(self) 1173
> try:
> -> 1174 response.begin() 1175 except ConnectionError:
>
> C:Anaconda3libhttpclient.py in begin(self)
> 281 while True:
> --> 282 version, status, reason = self._read_status()
> 283 if status != CONTINUE:
>
> C:Anaconda3libhttpclient.py in _read_status(self)
> 250 # sending a valid response.
> --> 251 raise RemoteDisconnected("Remote end closed connection without"
> 252 " response")
>
> ProtocolError: ('Connection aborted.', RemoteDisconnected('Remote end
> closed connection without response',))
>
> During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
>
> ConnectionError Traceback (most recent call
> last) <ipython-input-16-598f53da7af3> in <module>()
> 3 import requests
> 4 url ='http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/einfo.fcgi'
> ----> 5 r = requests.get(url)
> 6 r.content
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestsapi.py in get(url, params,
> **kwargs)
> 67
> 68 kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
> ---> 69 return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
> 70
> 71
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestsapi.py in request(method, url,
> **kwargs)
> 48
> 49 session = sessions.Session()
> ---> 50 response = session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
> 51 # By explicitly closing the session, we avoid leaving sockets open which
> 52 # can trigger a ResourceWarning in some cases, and look like a memory leak
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestssessions.py in request(self,
> method, url, params, data, headers, cookies, files, auth, timeout,
> allow_redirects, proxies, hooks, stream, verify, cert, json)
> 466 }
> 467 send_kwargs.update(settings)
> --> 468 resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
> 469
> 470 return resp
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestssessions.py in send(self,
> request, **kwargs)
> 574
> 575 # Send the request
> --> 576 r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
> 577
> 578 # Total elapsed time of the request (approximately)
>
> C:Anaconda3libsite-packages
equestsadapters.py in send(self,
> request, stream, timeout, verify, cert, proxies)
> 410
> 411 except (ProtocolError, socket.error) as err:
> --> 412 raise ConnectionError(err, request=request)
> 413
> 414 except MaxRetryError as e:
>
> ConnectionError: ('Connection aborted.', RemoteDisconnected('Remote
> end closed connection without response',))
推荐答案
尝试使用请求会话.
import requests
MAX_RETRIES = 20
url ='http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/einfo.fcgi'
session = requests.Session()
adapter = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(max_retries=MAX_RETRIES)
session.mount('https://', adapter)
session.mount('http://', adapter)
r = session.get(url)
print(r.content)
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