使用Espresso测试Android PreferenceFragment

问题描述

我正在尝试为设置"中的PreferenceFragments片段编写测试.

I am trying to write tests for the PreferenceFragments fragment in Settings.

但是，我一直收到此错误:android.support.test.espresso.NoMatchingViewException: No views in hierarchy found matching: is assignable from class: class android.widget.AdapterView

However, I've been getting this error:android.support.test.espresso.NoMatchingViewException: No views in hierarchy found matching: is assignable from class: class android.widget.AdapterView

测试代码如下:

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@SmallTest
public class SettingsFragmentTest {

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<SettingsActivity> mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(
            SettingsActivity.class);

    @Test
    public void preferredLocationShouldBeVisibleOnDisplay(){
        mActivityRule.getActivity().runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                SettingsFragment settingsFragment = startSettingsFragment();
            }
        });

        // This check passes correctly
        onView(withId(R.id.weather_settings_fragment))
                .check(matches(isCompletelyDisplayed()));

        // This check gives me the NoMatchingViewException
        onData(allOf(is(instanceOf(Preference.class)),
                withKey("location")))
                .check(matches(isCompletelyDisplayed()));
    }

    private SettingsFragment startSettingsFragment(){
        SettingsActivity activity = mActivityRule.getActivity();
        FragmentTransaction transaction = activity.getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        SettingsFragment settingsFragment = new SettingsFragment();

        transaction.replace(R.id.weather_settings_fragment, settingsFragment, "settingsFragment");
        transaction.commit();

        return settingsFragment;
    }
}

settings_activity布局如下:

The settings_activity layout looks as follows:

<fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          android:name="com.example.android.sunshine.SettingsFragment"
          android:id="@+id/weather_settings_fragment"
          android:layout_width="match_parent"
          android:layout_height="match_parent" />

首选项"屏幕的布局如下:

And the Preferences Screen layout is the following:

<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                  android:layout_width="match_parent"
                  android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <EditTextPreference
        android:defaultValue="@string/pref_location_default"
        android:inputType="text"
        android:key="@string/pref_location_key"
        android:singleLine="true"
        android:title="@string/pref_location_label" />

    <ListPreference
        android:defaultValue="@string/pref_units_metric"
        android:entries="@array/pref_units_options"
        android:entryValues="@array/pref_units_values"
        android:key="@string/pref_units_key"
    android:title="@string/pref_units_label" />

<CheckBoxPreference
    android:defaultValue="@bool/show_notifications_by_default"
    android:key="@string/pref_enable_notifications_key"
    android:summaryOff="@string/pref_enable_notifications_false"
    android:summaryOn="@string/pref_enable_notifications_true"
    android:title="@string/pref_enable_notifications_label" />

</PreferenceScreen>

我无法在线找到有关如何测试PreferenceFragments的任何示例或信息.大多数信息与测试活动有关.

I haven't been able to find any examples or information online on how to test PreferenceFragments. Most of the information related to testing Activities.

推荐答案

PreferenceMatchers似乎仅适用于Android框架中的首选项类，而不适用于支持首选项库(com.android.support:preference-v14).由于后者内部使用了RecylerView，因此我可以通过使用espresso-contrib中的RecyclerViewActions来掌握首选项:

PreferenceMatchers seems to work only with the preference classes from the Android framework, but not with support preference library (com.android.support:preference-v14). Since the latter uses a RecylerView internally, I was able to get hold of the preference items by using RecyclerViewActions from espresso-contrib:

onView(withId(R.id.list))
       .perform(RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItem(hasDescendant(withText(R.string.pref_manage_categories_title)),
            click()));

这篇关于使用Espresso测试Android PreferenceFragment的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！