C offsetof

void test4()
{

	struct student {
		char a;
		int b;
	};

	struct student stu = {1,1};
	struct student* p = &stu;


	printf("addr is :%d\r\n", (char*)&(stu.b) - (char*)&(stu.a));
	printf("addr is :%d\r\n", (char*)&(p->b) - (char*)&(p->a));
	printf("addr is :%d\r\n", (int*)&(p->b) - (int*)&(p->a));      # 这个的输出为1, 需要理解步进的含义
	printf("addr is :%d\r\n", (int)&(p->b) - (int)&(p->a));
	printf("addr is :%d\r\n", (int)&(p->b) - (int)p);
	//printf("addr is :%d\r\n", (void*)&(p->b) - (void*)&(p->a)); #这个会提示类型未定义.
	printf("addr is :%d\r\n", offsetof(struct student,b));        #借助 <stddef.h>

}

通过手动的方式去计算, 结构体成员在结构体中的偏移量是多少, 推荐使用 char* 强转(在没有使用底层的api 时)

void test5()
{

	struct person {
		char a;
		int b;
	};


	struct student
	{
		char a;
		int b;
		struct person p;
	};

	struct student stu = { 1,2,2,3 };

	int offset1 = offsetof(struct student, p);
	int offset2 = offsetof(struct person, b);

	printf("%d\r\n", *(int*)((char*)&stu+offset1+offset2));
	printf("%d\r\n", ((struct person*)((char*)&stu + offset1))->b);
}