在项目上经常要用到身份证阅读器、护照阅读仪、指纹仪等各种品牌硬件，假如每套系统的都做集成开发那代码的维护成本将变得很高，为此采用rust来调用厂家提供的sdk c++开发包并封装成nodejs包，用fastify来开发成web api独立的服务形式。这样我们开发系统时只需调用web接口即可，跨平台又可共用，方便快捷，话不多说来看代码如何实现。
一、创建项目
安装rust后，打开vs新建一个工程目录，我们通过cargo new创建的一个package项目，加上--lib参数后创建的项目就是库项目（library package）。cargo new --lib reader
package 就是一个项目，因此它包含有独立的 Cargo.toml 文件，用于项目配置。库项目只能作为三方库被其它项目引用，而不能独立运行，即src/lib.rs。
典型的package
如果一个 package 同时拥有 src/main.rs 和 src/lib.rs，那就意味着它包含两个包：库包和二进制包，这两个包名也都是 test_math —— 都与 package 同名。
一个真实项目中典型的 package，会包含多个二进制包，这些包文件被放在 src/bin 目录下，每一个文件都是独立的二进制包，同时也会包含一个库包，该包只能存在一个 src/lib.rs：
.
├── Cargo.toml
├── Cargo.lock
├── src
│ ├── main.rs
│ ├── lib.rs
│ └── bin
│ └── main1.rs
│ └── main2.rs
├── tests
│ └── some_integration_tests.rs
├── benches
│ └── simple_bench.rs
└── examples
└── simple_example.rs
唯一库包：src/lib.rs
默认二进制包：src/main.rs，编译后生成的可执行文件与package同名
其余二进制包：src/bin/main1.rs 和 src/bin/main2.rs，它们会分别生成一个文件同名的二进制可执行文件
集成测试文件：tests 目录下
性能测试benchmark文件：benches 目录下
项目示例：examples 目录下
这种目录结构基本上是 Rust 的标准目录结构，在 github 的大多数项目上，你都将看到它的身影。
运行Cargo build命令，我们在target\debug目录下可以看到编译后的结果。
二、Cargo.toml
[package]
name = "reader"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2018"
exclude = ["reader.node"]
# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
[dependencies]
libc = "0.2.9"
libloading = "0.7"
once_cell = "1.8"
serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
widestring = "0.5.1"
serde_json = "1.0"
base64 = "0.13"
hex="0.4.2"
encoding = "0.2"
tokio={version="1.18.0",features = ["full"]}
[dependencies.neon]
version = "0.9"
default-features = false
features = ["napi-5", "channel-api"]
[lib]
crate-type = ["cdylib"]
三、package.json
{
"name": "reader",
"version": "0.1.0",
"description": "",
"main": "index.node",
"scripts": {
"build": "cargo-cp-artifact -nc index.node -- cargo build --message-format=json-render-diagnostics",
"build-debug": "npm run build --",
"build-release": "npm run build -- --release",
"build_win32": "npm run build -- --release --target=i686-pc-windows-msvc",
"test": "cargo test",
"run": "cargo run"
},
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"devDependencies": {
"cargo-cp-artifact": "^0.1"
},
"dependencies": {
"express": "^4.17.3"
}
}
我们可以打印rust看看编译输出支持哪些架构
rustc --print target-list
//添加 x86编译链接器
rustup target add i686-pc-windows-msvc
四、代码分析
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::str;
use std::fmt::Write;
use std::io::{Error};
extern crate encoding;
use encoding::all::GB18030;
use encoding::{DecoderTrap,EncoderTrap,Encoding};
use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration,Instant};
use libc::{c_int, c_void};
use libloading::{Library, Symbol};
use neon::prelude::*;
use once_cell::sync::OnceCell;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use widestring::{WideCStr, WideCString, WideChar};
// 编码转换 utf8 -> utf16le
fn encode(source: &str) -> WideCString {
let string_source = source.to_string() + "\0";
WideCString::from_str(&string_source).unwrap()
}
// 解码转换 utf16le -> utf8
fn decode(source: &[WideChar]) -> String {
WideCStr::from_slice_truncate(source)
.unwrap()
.to_string()
.unwrap()
}
// 加载 dll
static LIBRARY: OnceCell<Library> = OnceCell::new();
//指定编译架构
static MACHINE_KIND: &str = if cfg!(target_os = "windows") {
if cfg!(target_arch = "x86") {
"win32"
} else if cfg!(target_arch = "x86_x64") {
"win64"
} else {
"other"
}
} else if cfg!(target_os = "linux") {
if cfg!(target_arch = "x86") {
"linux32"
} else if cfg!(target_arch = "x86_64") {
"linux64"
} else if cfg!(target_arch = "aarch64") {
"aarch64"
} else if cfg!(target_arch = "arm") {
"arm"
} else {
"other"
}
} else {
"other"
};
//定义函数方法名，这里要根据c++库的函数名和参数来定义，函数名和参数类型务必要一致。
type LPCTSTR = *const WideChar;
type BOOL = c_int;
type INITPTR = *const i8;
type CANRST = *mut WideChar;
// 打开设备
type S2V7_open = unsafe extern "system" fn() -> c_int;
// 关闭设备
type S2V7_close = unsafe extern "system" fn() -> c_int;
//【set mode 设置读证功能】
type S2V7_set_mode =
unsafe extern "system" fn(flg_takeColor: c_int, flg_takeUV: c_int, flg_readChipInfo: c_int, flg_readChipFace: c_int) -> c_int; // Type = 0 即可
//【wait Doc. in 等待放卡】
type S2V7_wait_DocIn =
unsafe extern "system" fn(timeout: f64, flg_in: INITPTR) -> c_int; // Type = 0 即可
//【wait Doc. out 等待拿卡】
type S2V7_wait_DocOut =
unsafe extern "system" fn(timeout: f64, flg_out: INITPTR) -> c_int; // Type = 0 即可
//【process 执行读卡过程】
type S2V7_process = unsafe extern "system" fn() -> c_int;
//读取卡类型
type S2V7_get_cardType = unsafe extern "system" fn() -> c_int;
//保存彩照
type S2V7_VIS_saveColor = unsafe extern "system" fn(imgPath: LPCTSTR) -> c_int;
//保存红外照
type S2V7_VIS_saveIR = unsafe extern "system" fn(imgPath: LPCTSTR) -> c_int;
//【get MRZ text 获取OCR文字信息】
type S2V7_VIS_getMRZtext = unsafe extern "system" fn(text: LPCTSTR) -> c_int;
//show text information 文字信息
type S2V7_RDO_getBytesByIndex = unsafe extern "system" fn(index: c_int,data: LPCTSTR) -> c_int;
type S2V7_VIS_getBytesByIndex = unsafe extern "system" fn(index: c_int,data: LPCTSTR) -> c_int;
type S2V7_RF_active = unsafe extern "system" fn(antenna: c_int,atr: LPCTSTR, atr_len: c_int) -> c_int;
//构建函数实例
static V7_OPEN: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_open>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_CLOSE: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_close>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_SET_MODE: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_set_mode>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_WAIT_DOCINT: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_wait_DocIn>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_WAIT_DOCOUT: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_wait_DocOut>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_PROCESS: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_process>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_GET_CARDTYPE: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_get_cardType>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_VIS_SAVECOLOR: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_VIS_saveColor>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_VIS_SAVEIR: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_VIS_saveIR>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_VIS_GETMRZTEXT: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_VIS_getMRZtext>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_RDO_getBytesByIndex: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_RDO_getBytesByIndex>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_VIS_getBytesByIndex: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_VIS_getBytesByIndex>> = OnceCell::new();
static V7_RF_active: OnceCell<Symbol<S2V7_RF_active>> = OnceCell::new();
// 对外导出函数方法
#[neon::main]
fn main(mut cx: ModuleContext) -> NeonResult<()> {
cx.export_function("init", init_by_node)?;
cx.export_function("start", start)?;
}
//加载dll并对函数进行初始化操作
pub fn init_by_node(mut cx: FunctionContext) -> JsResult<JsNumber> {
//外部传进来的参数（根据自己的需要来定义）
let directory = cx.argument::<JsString>(0)?.value(&mut cx);
let userid = cx.argument::<JsString>(1)?.value(&mut cx);
unsafe {
DIRECTORY_PATH.take();
DIRECTORY_PATH.set(directory).unwrap();
USER_ID.take();
USER_ID.set(userid).unwrap();
};
let result = init() as f64;
Ok(cx.number(result))
}
//核心代码，加载dll函数并映射
fn init() -> c_int {
let directory = unsafe { DIRECTORY_PATH.get().unwrap() };
let userid = unsafe { USER_ID.get().unwrap() };
let directory_path = std::path::Path::new(directory).join(MACHINE_KIND);
if directory_path.exists() {
let dll_path = directory_path.join(libloading::library_filename("STAR200_V7_DRV"));
println!("dll_path: {:?}", dll_path);
if dll_path.exists() {
match init_dll(dll_path.to_str().unwrap()).is_ok() {
true => {
// 打开设备
let init_result = unsafe {V7_OPEN.get_unchecked()()};
if init_result == 0 {
println!("设备打开成功");
return ResultType::Success as c_int;
} else {
println!("设备打开失败，代码：{:?}",init_result);
return ResultType::DeviceNotFound as c_int;
}
}
false => {
return ResultType::INITDLLFail as c_int;
}
}
} else {
return ResultType::DllPathNotExist as c_int;
}
} else {
println!("{:?}", directory_path);
return ResultType::DirectoryPathNotExist as c_int;
}
}
// 加载dll
fn init_dll(dll_path: &str) -> Result<bool, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
unsafe {
if INITDLL {
return Ok(true);
}
}
println!("加载dll");
println!("dll_path");
let library = LIBRARY.get_or_init(|| unsafe { Library::new(dll_path).unwrap() });
println!("S2V7_open");
V7_OPEN.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_open>(b"S2V7_open").unwrap() });
println!("S2V7_close");
V7_CLOSE.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_close>(b"S2V7_close").unwrap() });
println!("S2V7_set_mode");
V7_SET_MODE.get_or_init(|| unsafe {library.get::<S2V7_set_mode>(b"S2V7_set_mode").unwrap()});
println!("S2V7_wait_DocIn");
V7_WAIT_DOCINT.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_wait_DocIn>(b"S2V7_wait_DocIn").unwrap() });
println!("S2V7_wait_DocOut");
V7_WAIT_DOCOUT.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_wait_DocOut>(b"S2V7_wait_DocOut").unwrap() });
V7_PROCESS.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_process>(b"S2V7_process").unwrap() });
V7_GET_CARDTYPE.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_get_cardType>(b"S2V7_get_cardType").unwrap() });
V7_VIS_SAVECOLOR.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_VIS_saveColor>(b"S2V7_VIS_saveColor").unwrap() });
V7_VIS_SAVEIR.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_VIS_saveIR>(b"S2V7_VIS_saveIR").unwrap() });
V7_VIS_GETMRZTEXT.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_VIS_getMRZtext>(b"S2V7_VIS_getMRZtext").unwrap() });
V7_RDO_getBytesByIndex.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_RDO_getBytesByIndex>(b"S2V7_RDO_getBytesByIndex").unwrap() });
V7_VIS_getBytesByIndex.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_VIS_getBytesByIndex>(b"S2V7_VIS_getBytesByIndex").unwrap() });
V7_RF_active.get_or_init(|| unsafe { library.get::<S2V7_RF_active>(b"S2V7_RF_active").unwrap() });
unsafe {
INITDLL = true;
}
Ok(true)
}
//创建新线程来监测设备读证操作
fn start(mut cx: FunctionContext) -> JsResult<JsUndefined> {
let callback = cx.argument::<JsFunction>(0)?.root(&mut cx);
let mut channel = cx.channel();
channel.reference(&mut cx);
println!("start {}", channel.has_ref());
let index = unsafe {
DEVICE_START_INDEX += 1;
DEVICE_START_INDEX
};
std::thread::spawn(move || {
// Do the heavy lifting inside the background thread.
device_start(callback, channel, index);
});
Ok(cx.undefined())
}
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
fn device_start(callback: Root<JsFunction>, channel: Channel, index: u64) {
let index = index;
let callback = Arc::new(Mutex::new(callback));
//设置读证功能
unsafe { V7_SET_MODE.get_unchecked()(1,1,1,1) };
loop {
if index != unsafe { DEVICE_START_INDEX } {
break;
};
let callback_clone = Arc::clone(&callback);
let mut result = RecogIDCardEXResult::default();
let mut flg_in:i8=0;
match unsafe { V7_WAIT_DOCINT.get_unchecked()(5.0,&mut flg_in) } {
// 设备正常 检测是否有放入证件
0 => {
if flg_in==0{
//检查是否放入超时
result.record_type = ResultType::CheckCardNotInOrOut as i32;
break;
}
result.device_online = true;
result.device_name =unsafe { DEVCIE_NAME.get_or_init(|| "".to_string()).to_string() };
match unsafe { V7_PROCESS.get_unchecked()() } {
// 证件有放入
0 => {
result.record_type = ResultType::CheckCardInput as i32;
}
// 未检测到OCR区域
-1 => {
result.record_type = ResultType::OCRFail as i32;
}
// 设备离线
-3 => {
result.device_online = false;
result.record_type = init();
}
_ => {
result.record_type = ResultType::Unknown as i32;
}
}
}
-3 => {
//设备离线
let init = init();
result.device_online = false;
result.record_type = init;
}
_ => {
//未知错误
result.record_type = ResultType::Unknown as i32;
}
};
if unsafe { *NEED_RECORD.get_or_init(|| false) } {
println!("手工点击识别+1");
result.record_type = ResultType::CheckCardInput as i32;
}
// let time_now = std::time::Instant::now();
if result.record_type == ResultType::CheckCardInput as i32 {
let _result = recog_card();
result.success = _result.success;
result.img_base64 = _result.img_base64;
result.reg_info = _result.reg_info;
result.card_type = _result.card_type;
result.card_name = _result.card_name;
}
let neet_sendinfo = if Some(true) == unsafe { NEED_RECORD.take() } {
true
} else {
false
};
// let elapsed = time_now.elapsed();
// println!("识别时间结束时间 {:.6?}", elapsed);
if result.record_type != ResultType::CheckCardNotInOrOut as i32
&& (*unsafe { RESULT_TYPE.get_or_init(|| -10000) } != result.record_type
|| result.record_type == ResultType::CheckCardInput as i32
|| neet_sendinfo)
{
unsafe {
RESULT_TYPE.take();
RESULT_TYPE.set(result.record_type).unwrap();
}
channel.send(move |mut cx| {
let result_json = serde_json::to_string(&result).unwrap();
let callback = callback_clone.lock().unwrap().to_inner(&mut cx);
let this = cx.undefined();
let args = vec![cx.string(&result_json)];
callback.call(&mut cx, this, args)?;
Ok(())
});
}
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(20));
}
}
完整源码