SQL 中列名不明确的查询错误

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问题描述

此查询 (InvoiceID) 出现不明确的列名错误.我不明白为什么.它们似乎都已正确连接，那么为什么 SSMS 不知道显示 VendorID?

I get an ambiguous column name error with this query (InvoiceID). I can't figure out why. They all seem to be joined correctly so why doesn't SSMS know to display VendorID?

查询:

SELECT 
    VendorName, InvoiceID, InvoiceSequence, InvoiceLineItemAmount
FROM Vendors 
JOIN Invoices ON (Vendors.VendorID = Invoices.VendorID)
JOIN InvoiceLineItems ON (Invoices.InvoiceID = InvoiceLineItems.InvoiceID)
WHERE  
    Invoices.InvoiceID IN
        (SELECT InvoiceSequence 
         FROM InvoiceLineItems
         WHERE InvoiceSequence > 1)
ORDER BY 
    VendorName, InvoiceID, InvoiceSequence, InvoiceLineItemAmount

推荐答案

当我们从多个表中选择数据时，我们会遇到这个错误选择的列(使用 * 选择所有列时也会发生这种情况)在多个表中存在相同的名称(我们的选择/连接表).在这种情况下，我们必须指定从哪个表中选择列.

We face this error when we are selecting data from more than one tables by joining tables and at least one of the selected columns (it will also happen when use * to select all columns) exist with same name in more than one tables (our selected/joined tables). In that case we must have to specify from which table we are selecting out column.

以下是上述概念的示例解决方案实现

我认为您只有在 InvoiceLineItems 和 Invoices 中都存在的 InvoiceID 中存在歧义，其他字段似乎不同.所以试试这个

I think you have ambiguity only in InvoiceID that exists both in InvoiceLineItems and Invoices Other fields seem distinct. So try This

我只是用 Invoices.InvoiceID 替换了 InvoiceID

I just replace InvoiceID with Invoices.InvoiceID

   SELECT 
        VendorName, Invoices.InvoiceID, InvoiceSequence, InvoiceLineItemAmount
    FROM Vendors 
    JOIN Invoices ON (Vendors.VendorID = Invoices.VendorID)
    JOIN InvoiceLineItems ON (Invoices.InvoiceID = InvoiceLineItems.InvoiceID)
    WHERE  
        Invoices.InvoiceID IN
            (SELECT InvoiceSequence 
             FROM InvoiceLineItems
             WHERE InvoiceSequence > 1)
    ORDER BY 
        VendorName, Invoices.InvoiceID, InvoiceSequence, InvoiceLineItemAmount

您可以将 tablename.columnnae 用于所有列(in selection、where、group by 和 order by)，而无需使用任何别名.但是，您可以按照其他答案的指导使用别名

You can use tablename.columnnae for all columns (in selection,where,group by and order by) without using any alias. However you can use an alias as guided by other answers

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invoiceId