本文介绍了递归列出目录的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我没有正确地写这个功能。它应该递归地列出第一个参数提供的路径的内容（如ls -R），但是它会停止太久。这是代码，预期的输出和我得到的输出： int browseDir（const char * path，const int * options ）
{
char calldir [MAXDIRLEN];
char currentdir [MAXDIRLEN];
getcwd（calldir，MAXDIRLEN）;
DIR * dirstream;
struct dirent * dir_entry;
struct stat file_data;
LIST subd_list = newList（）;
if（path == NULL）
strcpy（currentdir，callingdir）;
else
strcpy（currentdir，path）;
dirstream = opendir（currentdir）;
printf（Listing：％s\\\
，currentdir）;
chdir（currentdir）;
if（dirstream == NULL）
{
perror（Error：can not open directory\\\
）;
return 0;
while（（dir_entry = readdir（dirstream））！= NULL）
{
if（！ISSET_A_FLAG（* options））
{
if（dir_entry-> d_name [0] =='。'）
continue;
}
if（！ISSET_S_FLAG（* options））
{
stat（dir_entry-> d_name，& file_data）;
printStat（& file_data）;
}
printf（％s，dir_entry-> d_name）;
printf（\\\
）;
if（ISSET_R_FLAG（* options）&&（dir_entry-> d_type& DT_DIR）&& strcmp（dir_entry-> d_name，。）&& strcmp（dir_entry-> ; d_name，..））
addNode（subd_list，dir_entry-> d_name）;
}
closedir（dirstream）;
while（！isEmpty（subd_list））
{
browseDir（（* subd_list） - >数据，选项）;
delNode（subd_list）;
}
chdir（calldir）;
return 0;
}
使用ls -Rli（预期）输出
tod @ iTod：〜/ Dropbox / programming / SO / myshell2 $ ls -lRi / home / tod / programming / shelldeb
/ home / tod /编程/ shelldeb：
totale 52
1150597 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 18 02:34 bin
1054396 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 7696 ott 18 15 ：21 commands.c
1045205 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1233 ott 16 23:14 commands.h
1045208 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 952 ott 18 17 ：10 list.c
1057517 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 244 ott 18 15:22 list.h
1055205 -rw-r - r-- 1 tod tod 487 ott 18 02:36 main.c
1150595 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 18 02:34 obj
1057590 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1213 ott 18 09:33解析。 c
1057622 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 193 ott 18 09:33 parsing.h
1055154 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1368 ott 18 02:51 shelldeb。 cbp
1057688 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 665 ott 18 15:22 shelldeb.depend
1057721 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1413 ott 18 23:20 shelldeb。布局
/ home / tod / prog ramming / shelldeb / bin：
totale 4
1150598 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02调试
/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb / bin / Debug：
totale 4
1150684 drwxrwxr-x 4 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02 r55
/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb / bin / Debug / r55：
totale 8
1150685 drwxrwxr-x 2 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:03 tmpfolder
1150686 drwxrwxr-x 2 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02 tmpfolder2
/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb / bin / Debug / r55 / tmpfolder：
totale 0
1045360 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 0 ott 20 14:03 myfile
/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb / bin / Debug / r55 / tmpfolder2：
totale 0
/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb / obj：
totale 4
1150596 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:01调试
/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb / obj / Debug：
totale 20
1046334 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 15088 ott 18 17:10 commands.o
1046232 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 0 ott 20 14:01 comment.txt
1150683 drwxrwxr-x 2 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02 tmpfolder
/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb / obj / Debug / tmpfolder：
当前输出运行我的shell：
> list / home / tod / programming / shelldeb -r
上市：/ home / tod / programming / shelldeb
1057517 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 244 list.h
1054396 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 7696 commands.c
1057590 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1213 parsing.c
1150597 drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 bin
1045208 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 952 list.c
1055154 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1368 shelldeb.cbp
1150595 drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 obj
1045205 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1233 commands.h
1057688 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 665 shelldeb.depend
1057721 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1413 shelldeb.layout
1057622 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 193 parsing.h
1055205 -rw-r - r-- 1 1000 1000 487 main.c
上市：obj
1150596 drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096调试
上市：Debug
1046232 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 0 comment.txt
1150683 drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 tmpfolder
1046334 -rw-rw-r-- 1 10 00 1000 15088 commands.o
上市：tmpfolder
1054413 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 0 tmp.txt
解决方案
我终于设法以非常简单的方式编写了递归列表功能。我在c标准库中找到了函数nftw（），基本上它完成了所有的工作。
这里是谁可以感兴趣的代码：
static int list（const char * path）
{
char call_dir [MAXDIRLEN];
DIR * dirstream;
struct dirent * dir_entry;
struct stat file_data;
getcwd（call_dir，MAXDIRLEN）;
dirstream = opendir（path）;
if（dirstream == NULL）
{
perror（Error：can not open directory\\\
）;
return -1;
}
chdir（path）;
while（（dir_entry = readdir（dirstream））！= NULL）
{
if（！ISSET_A_FLAG（options））
{
if dir_entry-> d_name [0] =='。'）
continue;
}
if（！ISSET_S_FLAG（options））
{
stat（dir_entry-> d_name，& file_data）;
printStat（& file_data）;
}
printf（％s，dir_entry-> d_name）;
printf（\\\
）;
}
closedir（dirstream）;
chdir（call_dir）;
return 0;
}
static int list_R（const char * entry_path，const struct stat * entry_stat，int typeflag，struct FTW * ftwbuf）
{
int status;
if（typeflag& FTW_D）
{
printf（\\\
Content of％s：\\\
，entry_path）;
status = list（entry_path）;
}
if（status == -1）
return status;
return 0;
}
这两个函数只需要实现打印信息的printstat（）目录条目。
一个简单的调用nftw（path，list_R，1，ftw_flags）;设置FTW_PHYS标志后，该作业。
I'm failing at writing this function correctly. It should be listing recursively the content the path provided by the first argument (like ls -R), but it stops too soon. Here is the code, the expected output and the output I get:
int browseDir (const char *path, const int *options)
{
char callingdir[MAXDIRLEN];
char currentdir[MAXDIRLEN];
getcwd(callingdir,MAXDIRLEN);
DIR *dirstream;
struct dirent *dir_entry;
struct stat file_data;
LIST subd_list = newList();
if (path == NULL)
strcpy(currentdir,callingdir);
else
strcpy(currentdir,path);
dirstream = opendir(currentdir);
printf("Listing: %s\n",currentdir);
chdir(currentdir);
if (dirstream == NULL)
{
perror("Error: cannot open directory\n");
return 0;
}
while((dir_entry = readdir(dirstream)) != NULL)
{
if (!ISSET_A_FLAG(*options))
{
if (dir_entry->d_name[0]=='.')
continue;
}
if (!ISSET_S_FLAG(*options))
{
stat(dir_entry->d_name, &file_data);
printStat(&file_data);
}
printf("%s ",dir_entry->d_name);
printf("\n");
if (ISSET_R_FLAG(*options) && (dir_entry->d_type & DT_DIR) && strcmp(dir_entry->d_name,".") && strcmp(dir_entry->d_name,".."))
addNode(subd_list, dir_entry->d_name);
}
closedir(dirstream);
while(!isEmpty(subd_list))
{
browseDir((*subd_list)->data, options);
delNode(subd_list);
}
chdir(callingdir);
return 0;
}
output using ls -Rli (expected)
tod@iTod:~/Dropbox/programming/SO/myshell2$ ls -lRi /home/tod/programming/shelldeb
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb:
totale 52
1150597 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 18 02:34 bin
1054396 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 7696 ott 18 15:21 commands.c
1045205 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1233 ott 16 23:14 commands.h
1045208 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 952 ott 18 17:10 list.c
1057517 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 244 ott 18 15:22 list.h
1055205 -rw-r--r-- 1 tod tod 487 ott 18 02:36 main.c
1150595 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 18 02:34 obj
1057590 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1213 ott 18 09:33 parsing.c
1057622 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 193 ott 18 09:33 parsing.h
1055154 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1368 ott 18 02:51 shelldeb.cbp
1057688 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 665 ott 18 15:22 shelldeb.depend
1057721 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 1413 ott 18 23:20 shelldeb.layout
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/bin:
totale 4
1150598 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02 Debug
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/bin/Debug:
totale 4
1150684 drwxrwxr-x 4 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02 r55
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/bin/Debug/r55:
totale 8
1150685 drwxrwxr-x 2 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:03 tmpfolder
1150686 drwxrwxr-x 2 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02 tmpfolder2
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/bin/Debug/r55/tmpfolder:
totale 0
1045360 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 0 ott 20 14:03 myfile
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/bin/Debug/r55/tmpfolder2:
totale 0
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/obj:
totale 4
1150596 drwxr-xr-x 3 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:01 Debug
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/obj/Debug:
totale 20
1046334 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 15088 ott 18 17:10 commands.o
1046232 -rw-rw-r-- 1 tod tod 0 ott 20 14:01 comment.txt
1150683 drwxrwxr-x 2 tod tod 4096 ott 20 14:02 tmpfolder
/home/tod/programming/shelldeb/obj/Debug/tmpfolder:
current output running my shell:
> list /home/tod/programming/shelldeb -r
Listing: /home/tod/programming/shelldeb
1057517 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 244 list.h
1054396 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 7696 commands.c
1057590 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1213 parsing.c
1150597 drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 bin
1045208 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 952 list.c
1055154 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1368 shelldeb.cbp
1150595 drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 obj
1045205 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1233 commands.h
1057688 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 665 shelldeb.depend
1057721 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1413 shelldeb.layout
1057622 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 193 parsing.h
1055205 -rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 487 main.c
Listing: obj
1150596 drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 Debug
Listing: Debug
1046232 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 0 comment.txt
1150683 drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 tmpfolder
1046334 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 15088 commands.o
Listing: tmpfolder
1054413 -rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 0 tmp.txt
解决方案
I finally managed to write a recursive-listing function in a very simple way. I found the function nftw() in the c standard library, and basically it does all the work.Here is the code for who can be interested:
static int list (const char *path)
{
char calling_dir[MAXDIRLEN];
DIR *dirstream;
struct dirent *dir_entry;
struct stat file_data;
getcwd(calling_dir,MAXDIRLEN);
dirstream=opendir(path);
if (dirstream == NULL)
{
perror("Error: cannot open directory\n");
return -1;
}
chdir(path);
while((dir_entry = readdir(dirstream)) != NULL)
{
if (!ISSET_A_FLAG(options))
{
if (dir_entry->d_name[0]=='.')
continue;
}
if (!ISSET_S_FLAG(options))
{
stat(dir_entry->d_name, &file_data);
printStat(&file_data);
}
printf("%s ",dir_entry->d_name);
printf("\n");
}
closedir(dirstream);
chdir(calling_dir);
return 0;
}
static int list_R (const char *entry_path, const struct stat *entry_stat,int typeflag,struct FTW *ftwbuf)
{
int status;
if(typeflag & FTW_D)
{
printf("\nContent of %s : \n",entry_path);
status=list(entry_path);
}
if (status == -1)
return status;
return 0;
}
with those two functions you just have to implement printstat() that prints infos on the directory entry.A simple call to nftw(path,list_R,1,ftw_flags); after setting FTW_PHYS flag does the job.
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