brew install XXX和brew cask install XXX有什么区别

问题描述

我已经熟悉了整个自制程序套件，并且文档非常差.什么是酒桶，酒窖和水龙头?

I'm familiarizing myself with the whole homebrew kit and the documentation is rather poor.What is a cask, Cellar and a tap?

推荐答案

Homebrew-Cask 是对自制程序以安装GUI应用程序，例如Google Chrome或Atom.它独立开始，但其维护人员现在与Homebrew的核心团队紧密合作.

Homebrew-Cask is an extension to Homebrew to install GUI applications such as Google Chrome or Atom. It started independently but its maintainers now work closely with Homebrew’s core team.

Homebrew将其程序包定义文件称为"formulae"(英国复数形式为"formula").自制酒桶称它们为酒桶".桶就像公式一样，是用基于Ruby的 DSL 编写的文件，介绍如何安装东西.

Homebrew calls its package definition files "formulae" (British plural for "formula"). Homebrew-Cask calls them "casks". A cask, just like a formula, is a file written in a Ruby-based DSL that describes how to install something.

酒窖是Homebrew用来安装东西的地方.它的默认路径是/usr/local/Cellar .然后将来自标准位置的符号链接添加到它.

The Cellar is where Homebrew installs things. Its default path is /usr/local/Cellar. It then add symlinks from standard locations to it.

例如，当您键入 brewinstallgit 时:

1. Homebrew将其安装在/usr/local/Cellar下的/usr/local/Cellar/git/< version>/下/git/< version>/bin/git
2. 它将从/usr/local/bin/git 的符号链接添加到该二进制文件

1. Homebrew installs it under /usr/local/Cellar/git/<version>/, with the git binary in /usr/local/Cellar/git/<version>/bin/git
2. It adds a symlink from /usr/local/bin/git to that binary

这使Homebrew可以跟踪Home​​brew安装的软件与其他装置安装的软件.

This allows Homebrew to keep track of what’s installed by Homebrew versus software installed by other means.

点击 是公式的来源.默认值为 homebrew/core ，但是您可以添加更多它们.为您自己的软件创建公式的最简单方法是创建一个名为 homebrew-< something> 的GitHub存储库；将您的公式文件放入其中；然后键入 brew tap< username>/< something> 将此新的公式源添加到Homebrew安装中，从而可以访问其所有公式.

A tap is a source of formulae. The default is homebrew/core but you can add more of them. The simplest way to create a formula for your own software is to create a GitHub repository called homebrew-<something>; put your formula file in it; then type brew tap <username>/<something> to add this new source of formulae to your Homebrew installation and so get access to all its formulae.

一些公司为自己的公用事业使用内部自制的水龙头.对于Atlassian软件，有很多公共水龙头，例如 atlassian/tap ，或 ska-sa/tap 用于射电天文学.Homebrew本身曾经有其他附加功能，例如 homebrew/science ，但他们已弃用它们，并将公式导入到 homebrew/core 中.

Some companies have internal Homebrew taps for their own utilities. There are a lot of public taps like atlassian/tap for Atlassian software, or ska-sa/tap for radio astronomy. Homebrew itself used to have additional taps like homebrew/science but they deprecated them and imported the formulæ in homebrew/core.

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