问题描述
我希望这对 SQL 专家来说是一个有趣的谜题.
I hope this is an interesting puzzle for an SQL expert out there.
当我运行以下查询时，我希望它不会返回任何结果.
When I run the following query, I would expect it to return no results.
-- Create a table variable Note: This same behaviour occurs in standard tables.
DECLARE @TestResults TABLE (Id int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, Foo VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, About VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL)
-- Add some test data Note: Without space, space prefix and space suffix
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES('Bar', 'No spaces')
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES('Bar ', 'Space Suffix')
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES(' Bar', 'Space prefix')
-- SELECT statement that is filtered by a value without a space and also a value with a space suffix
SELECT
t.Foo
, t.About
FROM @TestResults t
WHERE t.Foo like 'Bar '
AND t.Foo like 'Bar'
AND t.Foo = 'Bar '
AND t.Foo = 'Bar'
结果返回单行:
[Foo] [About]
Bar Space Suffix
问题是人们正在从电子邮件等中复制和粘贴值，并且他们以某种方式进入表格.我正在将此作为一个单独的问题进行研究，因为我将 LTRIM(RTRIM(Foo)) 作为 INSERT 和 UPDATE 触发器，但有些正在以某种方式通过网络.
The issue is that people are copying and pasting values from emails etc. and they're getting into the table somehow. I am looking into this as a separate issue as I am LTRIM(RTRIM(Foo)) as an INSERT and UPDATE trigger, but some are getting through the net somehow.
我需要更多地了解这种行为以及我应该如何解决它.
I need to know more about this behaviour and how I should work around it.
还值得注意的是 LEN(Foo) 也是奇数，如下:
It is also worth noting that LEN(Foo) is odd too, as follows:
DECLARE @TestResults TABLE (Id int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, Foo VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, About VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL)
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES('Bar', 'No spaces')
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES('Bar ', 'Space Suffix')
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES(' Bar', 'Space prefix')
SELECT
t.Foo
, LEN(Foo) [Length]
, t.About
FROM @TestResults t
给出以下结果:
[Foo] [Length] [About]
Bar 3 No spaces
Bar 3 Space Suffix
Bar 4 Space prefix
没有任何横向思考，我需要将 WHERE 子句更改为什么才能按预期返回 0 结果?
Without any lateral thinking, what do I need to change my WHERE clause to in order to return 0 results as expected?
推荐答案
答案是添加以下子句:
AND DATALENGTH(t.Foo) = DATALENGTH('Bar')
运行以下查询...
DECLARE @Chars TABLE (CharNumber INT NOT NULL)
DECLARE @CharNumber INT = 0
WHILE(@CharNumber <= 255)
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Chars(CharNumber) VALUES(@CharNumber)
SET @CharNumber = @CharNumber + 1
END
SELECT
CharNumber
, IIF('Test' = 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber),1,0) ['Test' = 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber)]
, IIF('Test' LIKE 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber),1,0) ['Test' LIKE 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber)]
, IIF(LEN('Test') = LEN('Test' + CHAR(CharNumber)),1,0) [LEN('Test') = LEN('Test' + CHAR(CharNumber))]
, IIF(DATALENGTH('Test') = DATALENGTH('Test' + CHAR(CharNumber)),1,0) [DATALENGTH('Test') = DATALENGTH('Test' + CHAR(CharNumber))]
FROM @Chars
WHERE ('Test' = 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber))
OR ('Test' LIKE 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber))
OR (LEN('Test') = LEN('Test' + CHAR(CharNumber)))
ORDER BY CharNumber
...产生以下结果...
...produces the following results...
CharNumber 'Test' = 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber) 'Test' LIKE 'Test' + CHAR(CharNumber) LEN('Test') = LEN('Test' + CHAR(CharNumber)) DATALENGTH('Test') = DATALENGTH('Test' + CHAR(CharNumber))
0 1 1 0 0
32 1 0 1 0
37 0 1 0 0
DATALENGTH 可用于测试两个 VARCHAR 的相等性，因此可以按如下方式更正原始查询:
DATALENGTH can be used to test the equality of two VARCHAR, therefore the original query can be corrected as follows:
-- Create a table variable Note: This same behaviour occurs in standard tables.
DECLARE @TestResults TABLE (Id int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, Foo VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, About VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL)
-- Add some test data Note: Without space, space prefix and space suffix
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES('Bar', 'No spaces')
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES('Bar ', 'Space Suffix')
INSERT INTO @TestResults(Foo, About) VALUES(' Bar', 'Space prefix')
-- SELECT statement that is filtered by a value without a space and also a value with a space suffix
SELECT
t.Foo
, t.About
FROM @TestResults t
WHERE t.Foo like 'Bar '
AND t.Foo like 'Bar'
AND t.Foo = 'Bar '
AND t.Foo = 'Bar'
AND DATALENGTH(t.Foo) = DATALENGTH('Bar') -- Additional clause
我也做了一个函数来代替=
I also made a function to be used instead of =
ALTER FUNCTION dbo.fVEQ( @VarCharA VARCHAR(MAX), @VarCharB VARCHAR(MAX) )
RETURNS BIT
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
BEGIN
-- Added by WonderWorker on 18th March 2020
DECLARE @Result BIT = IIF(
(@VarCharA = @VarCharB AND DATALENGTH(@VarCharA) = DATALENGTH(@VarCharB))
, 1, 0)
RETURN @Result
END
..这是对用作尾随字符的所有 256 个字符的测试，以证明它有效..
..Here is a test for all 256 characters used as trailing characters to prove that it works..
-- Test fVEQ with all 256 characters
DECLARE @Chars TABLE (CharNumber INT NOT NULL)
DECLARE @CharNumber INT = 0
WHILE(@CharNumber <= 255)
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Chars(CharNumber) VALUES(@CharNumber)
SET @CharNumber = @CharNumber + 1
END
SELECT
CharNumber
, dbo.fVEQ('Bar','Bar' + CHAR(CharNumber)) [fVEQ Trailing Char Test]
, dbo.fVEQ('Bar','Bar') [fVEQ Same test]
, dbo.fVEQ('Bar',CHAR(CharNumber) + 'Bar') [fVEQ Leading Char Test]
FROM @Chars
WHERE (dbo.fVEQ('Bar','Bar' + CHAR(CharNumber)) = 1)
AND (dbo.fVEQ('Bar','Bar') = 0)
AND (dbo.fVEQ('Bar',CHAR(CharNumber) + 'Bar') = 1)
这篇关于在 VARCHAR 中使用尾随空格 SQL Server SELECT 时的未记录功能的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！