如何使用 urllib2 从 Python 中打开的 url 中提取特定数据?

问题描述

我是 Python 新手，正在尝试制作一个非常基本的网络爬虫.例如，我做了一个简单的函数来加载一个显示在线游戏高分的页面.所以我能够获得 html 页面的源代码，但我需要从该页面中绘制特定的数字.例如，网页如下所示:

I'm new to Python and am playing around with making a very basic web crawler. For instance, I have made a simple function to load a page that shows the high scores for an online game. So I am able to get the source code of the html page, but I need to draw specific numbers from that page. For instance, the webpage looks like this:

http://hiscore.runescape.com/hiscorepersonal.ws?user1=bigdrizzle13

其中bigdrizzle13"是链接的唯一部分.需要提取并返回该页面上的数字.本质上，我想构建一个程序，我所要做的就是输入bigdrizzle13"，它可以输出这些数字.

where 'bigdrizzle13' is the unique part of the link. The numbers on that page need to be drawn out and returned. Essentially, I want to build a program that all I would have to do is type in 'bigdrizzle13' and it could output those numbers.

推荐答案

正如另一位海报提到的，BeautifulSoup 是完成这项工作的绝佳工具.

As another poster mentioned, BeautifulSoup is a wonderful tool for this job.

这是完整的、夸夸其谈的节目.它可能会使用很多容错，但只要您输入有效的用户名，它就会从相应的网页中提取所有分数.

Here's the entire, ostentatiously-commented program. It could use a lot of error tolerance, but as long as you enter a valid username, it will pull all the scores from the corresponding web page.

我尽量发表评论.如果您刚接触 BeautifulSoup，我强烈建议您使用 BeautifulSoup 文档 来完成我的示例一> 得心应手.

I tried to comment as well as I could. If you're fresh to BeautifulSoup, I highly recommend working through my example with the BeautifulSoup documentation handy.

整个程序...

from urllib2 import urlopen
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
import sys

URL = "http://hiscore.runescape.com/hiscorepersonal.ws?user1=" + sys.argv[1]

# Grab page html, create BeatifulSoup object
html = urlopen(URL).read()
soup = BeautifulSoup(html)

# Grab the <table id="mini_player"> element
scores = soup.find('table', {'id':'mini_player'})

# Get a list of all the <tr>s in the table, skip the header row
rows = scores.findAll('tr')[1:]

# Helper function to return concatenation of all character data in an element
def parse_string(el):
   text = ''.join(el.findAll(text=True))
   return text.strip()

for row in rows:

   # Get all the text from the <td>s
   data = map(parse_string, row.findAll('td'))

   # Skip the first td, which is an image
   data = data[1:]

   # Do something with the data...
   print data

这是一个测试运行.

> test.py bigdrizzle13
[u'Overall', u'87,417', u'1,784', u'78,772,017']
[u'Attack', u'140,903', u'88', u'4,509,031']
[u'Defence', u'123,057', u'85', u'3,449,751']
[u'Strength', u'325,883', u'84', u'3,057,628']
[u'Hitpoints', u'245,982', u'85', u'3,571,420']
[u'Ranged', u'583,645', u'71', u'856,428']
[u'Prayer', u'227,853', u'62', u'357,847']
[u'Magic', u'368,201', u'75', u'1,264,042']
[u'Cooking', u'34,754', u'99', u'13,192,745']
[u'Woodcutting', u'50,080', u'93', u'7,751,265']
[u'Fletching', u'53,269', u'99', u'13,051,939']
[u'Fishing', u'5,195', u'99', u'14,512,569']
[u'Firemaking', u'46,398', u'88', u'4,677,933']
[u'Crafting', u'328,268', u'62', u'343,143']
[u'Smithing', u'39,898', u'77', u'1,561,493']
[u'Mining', u'31,584', u'85', u'3,331,051']
[u'Herblore', u'247,149', u'52', u'135,215']
[u'Agility', u'225,869', u'60', u'276,753']
[u'Thieving', u'292,638', u'56', u'193,037']
[u'Slayer', u'113,245', u'73', u'998,607']
[u'Farming', u'204,608', u'51', u'115,507']
[u'Runecraft', u'38,369', u'71', u'880,789']
[u'Hunter', u'384,920', u'53', u'139,030']
[u'Construction', u'232,379', u'52', u'125,708']
[u'Summoning', u'87,236', u'64', u'419,086']

瞧:)

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