strtok 未处理异常；访问冲突写入位置

问题描述

#include #include #include 字符*矩阵[10][10]；int main(void) {国际我;字符*列表[4]；字符*词[20] = {"c a t "，"c a r "，"b e a r "，"s h i p "，"m o u s e "，"b e a t l e "，"c o a t "，"n e s t "，"i c e "，"s ug a r "，"b a c o n "，"f r o w n "，"sm i l e ", "d e a d ", "f e t h e r ", "go a t ","h e n "，"jel l y "，"k o a l a "，"l i p s "};整数长度；整数;国际 k;国际米;字符其他字符串=0；字符*c;国际j;整数;内部r;字符测试[10]；字符 * 令牌；const char *search = " ";字符 *空 = "";整数大小；int ans;整数 x;输入 y;内部位置；int pos2;int randRow;int randColumn;int 选择 [10];整数随机;国际d;整数行 = 10;//行数整数列 = 10;//列数printf("\tA\tB\tC\tD\tE\tF\tG\tH\tI\tJ\n");srand(时间(空))；for (i = 0; i 

基本上这个程序会生成 4 个随机单词，这些单词不能被复制strtok 用于滑动单词，以便它们可以逐个字符输入到矩阵中.最后任何矩阵中的空字符将被随机替换人物.但是 strtok 正在生成运行时错误，而我没有确定如何检查空元素?

解决方案

在此声明中

token = strtok((words[random]),search);

function strtok 尝试更改由数组元素 words[random] 寻址的字符串文字.

字符串字面量在 C 中是不可变的.任何更改字符串字面量的尝试都会导致未定义的行为.

代替指向字符串文字的指针数组

 char *words[20]={"cat","car","bear","ship","mouse","beatle","coat","nest","ice",糖"、培根"、皱眉"、微笑"、死"、羽毛"、山羊"、母鸡"、果冻"、考拉"、嘴唇"}；

您应该定义一个由字符串文字初始化的二维字符数组.例如

 char words[20][20]={"cat","car","bear","ship","mouse","beatle","coat","nest","ice"、"糖"、"培根"、"皱眉"、"微笑"、"死"、"羽毛"、"山羊"、"母鸡"、"果冻"、"考拉"、"嘴唇"};

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>

char *matrix[10][10];
int main(void) {
    int i;
    char *list[4];
    char *words[20] = {
        " c a t ", " c a r ", " b e a r ", " s h i p ",
        " m o u s e ", " b e a t l e ", " c o a t ", " n e s t ",
        " i c e ", " s u g a r ", " b a c o n ", " f r o w n ",
        " s m i l e ", " d e a d ", " f e a t h e r ", " g o a t ",
        " h e n "," j e l l y "," k o a l a "," l i p s "
    };

    int length;
    int num;
    int k;
    int m;
    char otherString=0;
    char *c;
    int j;
    int s;
    int r;
    char test[10];
    char *token;
    const char *search = " ";
    char *empty = "";
    int size;
    int ans;
    int x;
    int y;
    int pos;
    int pos2;
    int randRow;
    int randColumn;
    int chosen[10];
    int random;
    int d;
    int ROWS = 10;      // number of rows
    int COLUMNS = 10;      // number of columns

    printf("\tA\tB\tC\tD\tE\tF\tG\tH\tI\tJ\n");
    srand(time(NULL));

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        printf( "\n" );
        d = 0;
        do {
            random = (rand() % 20);
            list[i] = words[random];
            d = 0;
            for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                if (strcmp(words[random], list[j]) == 0)
                    d = 1;
            }
        } while (d);
    }

    token = strtok((words[random]), search);

    while (token != NULL) {
        length = strlen(words[random]);
        for (k = 0; k < length; k++) {
            matrix[i][k] = token;
            token = strtok(NULL, search);
            matrix [i][k] = token;
        }
    }
    for (r = 0; r < 10; r++) {
        printf("\n");
        for (s = 0; s < 10; s++) {
            //ans = strlen(matrix[r][s]);
            /* if (ans == 0) {
                c = 'A' + (rand() % 26);
                matrix[r][s] = c;
            }*/
            printf("\t%s", matrix[r][s]);
        }
    }
    getchar();
    return 0;
}

解决方案

In this statement

token = strtok((words[random]),search);

function strtok tries to change a string literal addressed by the array element words[random].

String literals are immutable in C. Any attempt to change a string literal results in undefined behaviour.

Instead of the array of pointers to string literals

 char *words[20]={" c a t "," c a r "," b e a r "," s h i p "," m o u s e "," b e a t l e "," c o a t "," n e s t "," i c e "," s u g a r "," b a c o n "," f r o w n "," s m i l e "," d e a d "," f e a t h e r "," g o a t "," h e n "," j e l l y "," k o a l a "," l i p s "};

you should define a two dimensional character array initialized by the string literals. For example

 char words[20][20]={" c a t "," c a r "," b e a r "," s h i p "," m o u s e "," b e a t l e "," c o a t "," n e s t "," i c e "," s u g a r "," b a c o n "," f r o w n "," s m i l e "," d e a d "," f e a t h e r "," g o a t "," h e n "," j e l l y "," k o a l a "," l i p s "};

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