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未找到依赖项:预计至少有 1 个 bean 有资格作为此依赖项的自动装配候选者.依赖注解:

本文介绍了未找到依赖项:预计至少有 1 个 bean 有资格作为此依赖项的自动装配候选者.依赖注解:的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 Spring 编写 SOAP 服务，但是我收到了一个依赖注入问题.我在通过服务使用 @Autowired 时遇到问题，如下所示:

I am trying to write a SOAP service using Spring, however I receive a Dependency Injection issue. I'm having problems using @Autowired through the Service like this:

    public interface UserDao {
    User getUser(String username);
}

Dao 的实现如下:

  @Controller("userDao")
    public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(UserDaoImpl.class);

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("sessionFactory")
    private LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory;

    @Override
    public User getUser(String username) {
        Session session = sessionFactory.getObject().openSession();
        // Criteria query = session.createCriteria(Student.class);
        Query query = session
                .createQuery("from User where username = :username");
        query.setParameter("username", username);
        try {
            System.out.println("
 Load Student by ID query is running...");
            /*
             * query.add(Restrictions.like("id", "%" + id + "%",
             * MatchMode.ANYWHERE)); return (Student) query.list();
             */
            return (User) query.uniqueResult();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            log.info(e.toString());
        } finally {
            session.close();
        }
        return null;
    }

}

和 

public interface UserBo {
    User loadUser(String username);
}

和 

public class UserBoImpl implements UserBo {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Override
    public User loadUser(String username) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return userDao.getUser(username);
    }

}


@WebService
@Component
public class UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserBo userBo;

    @WebMethod(operationName = "say")
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return ("Hello Java to " + name);
    }

    @WebMethod(operationName = "getUser")
    public User getUser(String username) {
        return userBo.loadUser(username);
    }
}

下面是xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ws="http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/core"
    xmlns:wss="http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/servlet"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/core
    http://jax-ws.java.net/spring/core.xsd
    http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/servlet
    http://jax-ws.java.net/spring/servlet.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    <context:annotation-config />

    <context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws"></context:component-scan>
    <context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws.dao"></context:component-scan>
    <bean id="userDao" class="edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <!-- <context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws.bo"></context:component-scan>
     -->
    <wss:binding url="/user">
        <wss:service>
            <ws:service bean="#userService" />
        </wss:service>
    </wss:binding>
    <bean id="userBo" class="edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/contentdb" />
        <property name="username" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="123456" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="edu.java.spring.ws.model" />
    </bean>
</beans>

而部署时抛出的错误是:这是更新后的堆栈跟踪:

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.SpringBinding#0' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot create inner bean '(inner bean)#538071ba' of type [org.jvnet.jax_ws_commons.spring.SpringService] while setting bean property 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)#538071ba' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'userService' while setting bean property 'bean'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveInnerBean(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:290)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:129)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1456)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:306)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4992)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5490)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1575)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1565)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)#538071ba' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'userService' while setting bean property 'bean'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:336)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:108)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1456)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveInnerBean(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:276)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:328)
    ... 30 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
    ... 38 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1017)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:960)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
    ... 40 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
    ... 51 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1103)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:963)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
    ... 53 more

推荐答案

看异常:

No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency

这意味着没有可用的 bean 来满足该依赖项.是的，您有接口的实现，但是您还没有为该实现创建 bean.您有两个选择:

This means that there's no bean available to fulfill that dependency. Yes, you have an implementation of the interface, but you haven't created a bean for that implementation. You have two options:

  • 使用@Component 或@Repository 注释UserDaoImpl，让组件扫描为您完成工作，就像您所做的一样UserService.
  • 手动将 bean 添加到您的 xml 文件中，与您对 UserBoImpl 所做的相同.
  • Annotate UserDaoImpl with @Component or @Repository, and let the component scan do the work for you, exactly as you have done with UserService.
  • Add the bean manually to your xml file, the same you have done with UserBoImpl.

请记住，如果您显式创建 bean，则需要在组件扫描之前放置定义.在这种情况下，顺序很重要.

Remember that if you create the bean explicitly you need to put the definition before the component scan. In this case the order is important.

这篇关于未找到依赖项:预计至少有 1 个 bean 有资格作为此依赖项的自动装配候选者.依赖注解:的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！

07-31 00:37
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