用于测试任意方法是否存在的 std::is_invocable 语法(不仅是 operator())

问题描述

在 C++17 中，我知道我可以写:

In C++17 I know that I can write:

#include <type_traits>

struct A
{
  size_t operator()(double x) const { return 1; };
};

int main()
{
  static_assert(std::is_invocable_r_v<size_t, A, double>);
}

但是现在我想使用 std::is_invocable 来测试任意方法的存在(这里是 size(double) 方法):

However now I want to use std::is_invocable to test the existence of an arbitrary method (here the size(double) method):

#include <type_traits>

struct A
{
  size_t size(double x) const { return 1; };
};

int main()
{
   static_assert(std::is_invocable_r_v<size_t, ???, double>);
}

问题是如何填写???"让它发挥作用?

推荐答案

使用检测成语:

template <typename T, typename... Args>
using call_size_t = decltype(std::declval<T>().size(std::declval<Args>()...);

template <typename R, typename T, typename... Args>
using is_size_callable = is_detected_convertible<R, call_size_t, T, Args...>;

static_assert(is_size_callable<size_t, A, double>::value);

这有利于与重载、模板或采用默认参数的成员函数 size 一起使用.

This has the benefit of working with member functions size that are overloaded, templates, or take default arguments as well.

在带有概念的 C++20 中:

In C++20 with concepts:

template <typename T, typename R, typename... Args>
concept is_size_callable = requires (T t, Args... args) {
    { t.size(std::forward<Args>(args)...) } -> std::convertible_to<R>;
};

static_assert(is_size_callable<A, size_t, double>);

我翻转了参数以将 T 放在首位，因为这将允许 type-constraint 语法:

I flipped the arguments to put T first, since this would allow the type-constraint syntax:

template <is_size_callable<size_t, double> T>
void foo(T );

foo(A{});

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