问题描述
在我的 Mac 上,我想将一些需要 su 权限的包迁移到另一个节点版本.
On my Mac, I want to migrate some packages that require su rights to another node version.
我使用自制软件安装 nvm,现在我需要执行 sudo nvm 或 --reinstall-packages
将失败.
I used homebrew to install nvm and now I need to execute sudo nvm or --reinstall-packages
will fail.
me@MacBook:~$ sudo nvm
sudo: nvm: command not found
me@MacBook:~$ sudo node -v
v5.4.1
me@MacBook:~$ sudo npm -v
3.3.12
me@MacBook:~$ nvm ls
-> v5.4.1
v9.6.1
system
default -> 5.4.1 (-> v5.4.1)
node -> stable (-> v9.6.1) (default)
stable -> 9.6 (-> v9.6.1) (default)
iojs -> N/A (default)
lts/* -> lts/carbon (-> N/A)
lts/argon -> v4.8.7 (-> N/A)
lts/boron -> v6.13.0 (-> N/A)
lts/carbon -> v8.9.4 (-> N/A)
我认为找不到该命令,因为 sudo 正在寻找不同的路径.我在 /usr/local/opt/nvm
中找到了 nvm.sh,但是:
I think the command cannot be found, because sudo is looking in different paths. I've found nvm.sh in /usr/local/opt/nvm
, however:
sudo /usr/local/opt/nvm/nvm.sh ls
什么都不返回.
偶数
/usr/local/opt/nvm/nvm.sh ls
什么都不返回,所以我怀疑这是错误的 shell 脚本.
returns nothing, so I suspect this is the wrong shell script.
如何使用 sudo 显式调用 nvm?
How can I call nvm with sudo, explicitly?
推荐答案
考虑定义一个 shell 函数包装器:
Consider defining a shell function wrapper:
nvmsudo() { sudo bash -lic '. /usr/local/opt/nvm/nvm.sh && nvm "$@"' _ "$@"; }
...之后:
nvmsudo --version
...或...
nvmsudo install 5.4.1 --reinstall-packages-from=9.6.1
解释上面的逻辑:
To explain the above logic:
- 使用
-l
和-i
参数来 bash 确保目标用户(在本例中为root
)的点文件运行,这似乎是nvm
正确操作所必需的. bash -c
的下一个参数必须是一个脚本.在执行脚本的上下文中,后面的参数变为$0
、$1
等."$@"
在函数上下文中是指函数的完整参数集."$@"
在bash -c
脚本的上下文中是指完整的参数集(从$1
开始,因此跳过_
) 在-c
之后传递给 shell.
- Using the
-l
and-i
arguments to bash ensure that dotfiles for the target user (in this caseroot
) are run, which appears to be necessary fornvm
's correct operation. bash -c
's immediate next argument must be a script. The arguments following that become$0
,$1
, etc. in the context where the script is executed."$@"
in the function context refers to the full set of arguments to the function."$@"
in thebash -c
script's context refers to the full set of arguments (starting at$1
, so skipping the_
) passed to the shell after the-c
.
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