问题描述
我一直在尝试在Ubuntu Trusty Tahr上安装软件包r-base，并且在上个星期有一个软件包依赖性被破坏了.
I've been attempting to install the package r-base on Ubuntu Trusty Tahr and there's a package dependency that became broken in the last week.
我的命令如下:
apt-get update -y
apt-get dist-upgrade -y
apt-get install -y r-base-dev
...
Err http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main libpng12-dev amd64 1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.1
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.23 80]
Fetched 92.8 MB in 28s (3262 kB/s)
E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-dev_1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.23 80]
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?
The command '/bin/sh -c sudo apt-get install -y r-base-dev' returned a non-zero code: 100
我尝试通过--fix-missing和--ignore-missing，但仍然失败.
I have attempted to pass --fix-missing and --ignore-missing but it still fails.
由于安全补丁，该软件包似乎已于2016年1月8日被删除: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+sourcepub/5711916/+listing-archive-extra
It appears that the package was removed on Jan 8, 2016 due to a security patch: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+sourcepub/5711916/+listing-archive-extra
查看 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/确认不存在ubuntu2.14.04. 1 文件，但存在1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04. 2 .
Looking at http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/ confirms that the ubuntu2.14.04.1 file is not there but 1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.2 is present.
该如何解决?我的目标是安装r-base.
How do I fix that?My goal is to get r-base to install.
如果我能以某种方式使它使用版本"2"而不是"1"，它大概会找到该文件并愉快地进行，但是我不确定如何使apt-get做到这一点.
If I could somehow make it use the version "2" file instead of "1" it would presumably find the file and proceed happily, but I'm not sure how to make apt-get do that.
或者，也许可以更新我这一边的依赖项列表吗?还是由r-base维护者来决定?
Alternatively, maybe it's possible to update the dependency list on my side? Or is it up to the r-base maintainers to do so?
或者第三，是否可以添加仍具有旧软件包的存储库?我不是在AMD处理器上运行，因此无论如何我都不需要在运行时使用这个特殊的程序包.
Or third, is it possible to add a repository that still has the old package? I'm not running on an AMD processor, so I shouldn't need this particular package at runtime anyway.
更新:对我有用的解决方案是在运行apt-get update之前显式删除依赖关系已损坏的软件包，下载更新的版本，然后重新安装.
Update:The solution that worked for me was to explicitly remove the package with the broken dependency, download the updated version, and re-install it before running apt-get update.
$ apt-get remove -y libpng12-0
$ curl -O http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.2_amd64.deb
$ dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.2_amd64.deb
$ apt-get update -y
即使r-base-dev偶然依赖于libpng12，问题显然也与r-base或r-base-dev包无关.
The problem apparently doesn't have much to do with the r-base or r-base-dev packages, even though r-base-dev incidentally depends on libpng12.
推荐答案
在我看来，此问题可能会在几天后解决.但是，如果等不及了，这就是您可以做的.
In my opinion this problem will probably fix itself in a couple of days. However if you can't wait, here's what you can do.
首先，找出要安装的软件包所依赖的libpng版本.
First, find out which version of libpng the package you want to install depends on.
$ apt-cache depends r-base
r-base
Depends: r-base-core
Depends: r-recommended
Recommends: r-base-html
Recommends: r-doc-html
Suggests: ess
|Suggests: r-doc-info
Suggests: r-doc-pdf
r-base本身不依赖于libpng，但是可能依赖r-base-core.
r-base itself does not depend on libpng but r-base-core probably does.
$ apt-cache depends r-base-core | grep png
Depends: libpng12-0
现在我们想知道libpng的哪个特定版本
Now we want to know which specific version of libpng
$ apt-cache show r-base-core
... libpng12-0 (>= 1.2.13-4) ...
如果您在Ubuntu的存储库中找到此软件包，则可以下载并尝试手动安装.
If you locate this package in Ubuntu's repositories, you candownload it and try to install it manually.
$ wget <url>
$ sudo dpkg -i <filename>
，然后将r-base与apt-get install r-base一起安装.但是如果dpkg拒绝安装libpng，您不应强行安装它，因为这意味着该软件包不可安装，并且会破坏其他依赖性.
and then install r-base with apt-get install r-base. However if dpkgrefuses to install libpng you should not force it, because it means thepackage is not installable and it would break other dependencies.
这篇关于apt-get安装失败，并显示“未找到"错误，因为软件包已从存储库中删除的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！