如何通过 HttpUrlConnection 将图像从 Android 客户端发送到 Node.js 服务器?

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 HttpUrlConnection 将图像发送到服务器，因为它是 Google 推荐的.我决定将图像转换为 Base64 字符串并将其发送到我将其解码为 .jpg 文件的服务器.但是这种方法只适用于小尺寸的缩略图，我不能发送全尺寸的图像.

I am trying to send an image to the server using HttpUrlConnection, because it's recommended by Google. I decided to convert the image into Base64 string and send it to the server where I decoded it into .jpg file. But this method is only feasible with small-sized thumbnails and I cannot send a full-sized images.

这里是安卓客户端代码:

Here is the android client code:

 public static void postData(Bitmap imageToSend) {



        try

        {
            URL url = new URL("http://");
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.setDoOutput(true);

            conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");

            conn.setReadTimeout(35000);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(35000);


            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

            // writes a compress version of Bitmap to a specified outputstream
            imageToSend.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bos);

            byte[] byteArray = bos.toByteArray();
            String imageEncoded = Base64.encodeToString(byteArray, Base64.DEFAULT);

            List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("image", imageEncoded));


            OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
            BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
                    new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));

            // getQuery is function for creating a URL encoded string
            writer.write(getQuery(params));

            System.out.println("Response Code: " + conn.getResponseCode());

            InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(conn.getInputStream());
            Log.d("sdfs", "sfsd");
            BufferedReader responseStreamReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line = "";
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            while ((line = responseStreamReader.readLine()) != null)
                stringBuilder.append(line).append("
");
            responseStreamReader.close();

            String response = stringBuilder.toString();
            System.out.println(response);

            bos.flush();
            bos.close();
            in.close();
            conn.disconnect();

        }

        catch(MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        catch(IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


}

Node.js 服务器代码:

Node.js server code:

function base64_decode(base64str,file) {
   var bitmap = new Buffer(base64str,'base64');
   //writing into an image file
   fs.writeFile(file, bitmap);
   //write a text file
    console.log('File created from base64 encoded string');
}

app.post("/", function (req,res,next) {
        //requesting the value of the image key which is urlencoded base 64 string
        var image = req.body.image;
        console.log(req.body.image);
        base64_decode(image,'newImage.jpg');

        res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type':'text/plain'});
        res.write('the image is saved');
        res.end();
        if (req.url != "/")
           next();
 

我不能对全尺寸图像使用相同的方法，因为 BufferedWriter 的大小限制 - base64 编码的字符串对于它来说太长了.

I cannot use the same method for the full-sized images, because of the BufferedWriter size limits - the base64 encoded string is too long for it.

另一种方法是使用HttpPost和MultipartEntity，但两者都在API22中被弃用，我不知道如何在服务器端处理请求.在其他示例中，使用了一些包装器，例如两个连字符、边界、crlf，但我找不到原因.

Another method is using HttpPost and MultipartEntity, but both are deprecated in API22, and I did not know how to handle request on the server side. In the other examples some wrappers were used, like two hyphens, boundaries, crlf, but I could not find why.

我需要一个 HttpUrlConnection 的例子

I need an example with HttpUrlConnection

感谢任何帮助，因为我是 Android 和 node.js 的新手

Any help is appreciated, because I'm newbie to Android and node.js

推荐答案

我建议上传二进制数据.您可以将图像元数据(如名称、类型、用户 ID 等)作为 url 参数或自定义 http 标头 (X-...).

I'd recommend uploading binary data. You could place image meta-data (like name, type, user-id, ...) as url parameters or custom http-headers (X-...).

Android 客户端代码(未测试！):

Android client code (not tested!):

 public static void postData(Bitmap imageToSend) {
        try
        {
            URL url = new URL("http://myserver/myapp/upload-image");
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.setDoOutput(true);

            conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");

            conn.setReadTimeout(35000);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(35000);

            // directly let .compress write binary image data
            // to the output-stream
            OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
            imageToSend.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, os);
            os.flush();
            os.close();

            System.out.println("Response Code: " + conn.getResponseCode());

            InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(conn.getInputStream());
            Log.d("sdfs", "sfsd");
            BufferedReader responseStreamReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line = "";
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            while ((line = responseStreamReader.readLine()) != null)
                stringBuilder.append(line).append("
");
            responseStreamReader.close();

            String response = stringBuilder.toString();
            System.out.println(response);

            conn.disconnect();
        }
        catch(MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch(IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
}

Node.js，Express 代码:

Node.js, Express code:

function rawBody(req, res, next) {
    var chunks = [];

    req.on('data', function(chunk) {
        chunks.push(chunk);
    });

    req.on('end', function() {
        var buffer = Buffer.concat(chunks);

        req.bodyLength = buffer.length;
        req.rawBody = buffer;
        next();
    });

    req.on('error', function (err) {
        console.log(err);
        res.status(500);
    });
}

app.post('/upload-image', rawBody, function (req, res) {

    if (req.rawBody && req.bodyLength > 0) {

        // TODO save image (req.rawBody) somewhere

        // send some content as JSON
        res.send(200, {status: 'OK'});
    } else {
        res.send(500);
    }

});

我将尝试解释 node.js 部分:函数 rawBody 充当 Express 中间件.当发出一个 POST 请求时，这个函数被请求对象调用.它为 data、end 和 error 事件注册监听器.data 事件将所有传入的数据块附加到缓冲区.当 end 触发时，属性 rawBody 在请求对象中创建并包含二进制数据(您的图像 blob).rawBody() 然后将控制权转移到下一个处理程序，该处理程序现在可以将 blob 保存到您的数据库或文件系统中.

I'll try to explain the node.js part:The function rawBody acts as Express middleware. When a POST request is made, this function gets called with the request object. It registers listeners for data, end and error events. The data events append all incoming chunks of data to a buffer. When end fires, the property rawBody is created in the request object and contains the binary data (your image blob). rawBody() then transfers control to the next handler which can now save the blob to your database or filesystem.

在处理真正的大数据 blob 时，这种处理方式并不是最好的方式.最好将数据流式传输到文件或数据库以节省内存.

When dealing with really big data blobs, this kind of processing is not the best way. It would be better to stream the data to a file or to the database to save memory.

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